Concepts and Features
R&S
®
 ZNB/ZNBT
91User Manual 1173.9163.02 ─ 53
OFFSET 
(ALT. 1)
SYST. ERR.
CORR. 
(USER)
POWER
CORR. DATA
SYSTEM
ERROR CORR. DATA
b
MEM 
(TRACE 1)
TRACE 
MATH 
UNFORM.
SHIFT
RESPONSE
SMOOTH 
HOLD
6
S - parameters
Data access points:
    0  Raw wave quantities
    1  Factory-calibrated S-parameters
    2  S-parameters
    3  Balanced (symmetric) S-parameters
    4  Export/import complex data
    5  Export complex data with trace math
    6  Export formatted data
    a, b  apply cal pool data / copy to cal pool  
*
#
*
Channel data flow
(for all traces of the channel)
Trace data flow
(for individual traces)
4
MEM 2
(TRACE 1)
TRACE 1 TRACE 2
MEM 
(TRACE 2)
AVERAGE
Wave quantities, ratios
– S-parameters (no conversion)
– CMRR
– Impedance parameters
– Admittance parameters
– Stability factors
RATIOS
POWER
CORRECTION DATA
a
POWER
CORR.
‡
‡
or SMARTerCal  
*
OFFSET 
(ALT. 2)
IMPEDANCE
RENORMA-
LIZATION
DEEMBEDDING
Single Ended > Port Set > 
Balanced > Ground Loop
EMBEDDING
Ground Loop > Balanced > 
Port Set > Single Ended
2
IMBALANCE
MIXED
MODE
S-PARAM.
COMPLEX 
CONV.
EMBEDDING
Differential 
Match
SYST. ERR.
CORR. 
(FACT)
1
0
3
Before entering this block, converted 
impedances and converted admittances 
are re-converted to S-parameters and 
converted back after the block
#
5
TRACE 
FORMAT
TIME 
DOMAIN 
GATE
TRACE 
MATH 
FORM.
Figure 5-1: Data Flow
Basic Concepts