F
I
NTRODUCTION
TO
IP A
DDRESSING
This appendix contains the following:
■
Network Protocols
■
IP and TCP
■
IP Addressing
Network Protocols
Protocols are rules that networking hardware and software
follow to communicate with one another. The Internet
Firewall uses the TCP/IP protocol.
IP and TCP
IP stands for Internet Protocol. This protocol provides
connectionless data transfer over a TCP/IP network.
Because IP alone does not provide end-to-end data
reliability as well as some other services, other protocols
such as TCP can be added to provide these services. TCP
stands for Transmission Control Protocol. In TCP/IP, TCP
works with IP to ensure the integrity of the data traveling
over the network. TCP/IP is the protocol of the Internet.
IP Addressing
To become part of an IP network, a network device must
have an IP address. An IP address is a unique number that
differentiates one device from another on the network to
avoid confusion during communication. To help illustrate IP
addresses, the following sections compare an IP address to
the telephone numbering system, a system that is used
every day.
Like a phone number with a long distance number and
area code, an IP address contains a set of four numbers.
Where the components in phone numbers can be
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