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Vaisala FS11 User Manual

Vaisala FS11
176 pages
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USER'S GUIDE
Visibility Sensor
FS11
M211187EN-C

Table of Contents

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Vaisala FS11 Specifications

General IconGeneral
Product NameFS11
CategoryAccessories
HeatingYes
Power Supply24 V DC
Ingress Protection RatingIP66
Operating Temperature Range-40°C to +60°C
MaterialStainless Steel
ConnectionsM12 Connector

Summary

Chapter 1: General Information

About This Manual

Provides general notes about the manual and the FS11 Visibility Sensor's transportation, installation, and operation.

Version Information

Details the manual's version codes and descriptions, including updates and previous revisions.

Related Manuals

Lists related manuals for sensors, computers, and displays that may be needed depending on system configuration.

Documentation Conventions

Explains how important safety considerations are highlighted using WARNING, CAUTION, and NOTE.

Product-Related Safety Precautions

Outlines essential safety measures to be observed during installation and repair of the instrument.

ESD Protection

Provides guidelines for handling ESD-sensitive components to prevent damage to electronic circuits.

Recycling

Instructs on proper recycling of materials and disposal of batteries and the unit.

Regulatory Compliances

Lists the directives and standards with which the FS11 complies.

Trademarks

Lists registered trademarks associated with the product and its manufacturer.

License Agreement

Defines the terms of use for software, stating rights are held by Vaisala or third parties.

Warranty

Provides information on the standard one-year warranty and conditions for Vaisala products.

Chapter 2: Product Overview

Description and Purpose

Details the FS11 as an intelligent visibility sensor for automatic weather-observing systems, including RVR applications.

Mechanical Structure

Illustrates the FS11 system components including the measurement and interface units, and pole mast.

Equipment Nomenclature

Provides a table of codes, common names, and descriptions for FS11 system components and accessories.

Chapter 3: Installation

Organizing Installation

Provides an exemplary plan for organizing the FS11 installation process, from site survey to startup tests.

Location and Orientation

Outlines main requirements for siting the FS11 sensor to ensure representative measurements.

Unloading and Unpacking

Describes the contents of the FS11 delivery and how to unload and unpack the equipment carefully.

Unpacking Procedure

Details the step-by-step procedure for unpacking the FS11 equipment and checking the shipment.

Storage Information

Specifies the required dry conditions for storing the FS11 system to maintain its integrity.

Equipment Grounding and Lightning Protection

Explains the importance and methods for grounding the FS11 equipment to protect against lightning and interference.

Cable Selection

Describes the requirements for selecting and installing power and signal cables for the FS11 sensor.

Line Power Cable

Details the specifications and recommendations for the FS11's AC (mains) power cable.

Installation Procedures

Outlines the sequence of procedures for installing the FS11 system.

Foundation Construction

Provides recommendations and dimensions for casting a concrete foundation for the FS11 system.

Mounting when Casting Pad

Describes the steps for mounting the FS11 system components during the concrete pad casting process.

Mounting to Existing Surface

Details the procedure for mounting the FS11 system onto an already existing foundation or surface.

Assembling FS11

Provides step-by-step instructions for assembling the FS11 system, including mast and base plate.

Chapter 4: Operation

FS11 Commands

Introduces FS11 commands for system parameter setting, status display, and maintenance.

Entering and Exiting Command Mode

Explains how to enter and exit the FS11 command mode using OPEN and CLOSE commands.

OPEN Command

Details the syntax and usage of the OPEN command for accessing FS11 operator commands.

CLOSE Command

Describes the CLOSE command for releasing the line to automatic data messages.

Available Commands

Lists and describes FS11 user-level commands, including those for message control and system status.

Command Completion

Explains how the FS11 system can automatically identify commands and parameters based on user input.

Terminal Line Number Adjustment

Describes how to adjust command response printouts to fit the terminal screen size.

Command Polling

Explains how commands can be executed without opening the command line for status inquiries.

Message Formats

Details the FS11 message formats for automatic or polled data transmission, including emulation modes.

MESSAGE Command

Explains the MESSAGE command used for displaying messages and its parameters.

MESSAGE 1, FS11

Describes the format and content of Message 1, showing extinction coefficient and background luminance.

Alarm Status Codes

Lists and explains the various codes used to indicate alarm status in FS11 messages.

MESSAGE 2, FS11 with LM21

Details the format and content of Message 2, including visibility and background luminance values.

MESSAGE 3, Status Message

Explains the status message format, which includes results of internal monitoring and system status.

MESSAGE 4, Uncompensated Values

Describes Message 4, which includes compensated, uncompensated, and averaged visibility values.

MESSAGE 5, Vaisala System Standard

Details Message 5, which follows the Vaisala system standard format using SI-units.

FD12 Emulation

Explains FS11 support for emulating message formats of Vaisala FD12 Visibility meter.

FD12 Message 2

Describes the emulated Vaisala FD12 message number 2 format.

FD12P Message 7

Describes the emulated Vaisala FD12P message number 7 format, including METAR code details.

MITRAS Emulation

Explains FS11 support for emulating message formats of Vaisala MITRAS Transmissometer.

MITRAS Single Baseline

Details the MITRAS Single Baseline emulation mode and its message format.

MITRAS Double Baseline

Details the MITRAS Double Baseline emulation mode and its message format.

Simulated Test Messages

Explains how to set the FS11 to simulation mode for transmitting fixed or user-defined visibility information.

Fixed Test Messages

Presents predefined fixed test messages for various message types used in simulation mode.

Manual Simulation Message

Describes how to define the entire content of a message body for manual simulation purposes.

Operating LM21 through Maintenance Port

Provides information for operating the LM21 sensor via its maintenance terminal port for troubleshooting.

Serial Communication Settings

Details the default serial communication port settings for FS11 applications.

Serial Transmission RS-232

Explains the RS-232 communication method, including wiring and cable length recommendations.

System Configuration

Explains how to use SET and PARAMETERS commands to configure system communication and user interface.

Default Factory Settings

Lists the default factory parameter settings for the FS11 and how to restore them.

Optional External Sensors

Describes the configuration and use of optional external sensors like LM21 and Day/Night sensor.

LM21 Background Luminance Sensor

Explains how to configure and integrate the LM21 sensor into the FS11 system.

Day/Night Sensor

Describes how to measure and include the Day/Night sensor output into FS11 data messages.

Chapter 5: Theory of Operation

Hardware Description

Provides an overview of the FS11 system's hardware components, including measurement and interface units.

Measurement Unit FSM102

Details the electronics parts of the FSM102 Measurement Unit: transmitter, receiver, and controller board.

Transmitter Unit FST102

Describes the transmitter unit's components, including LED, control circuits, and contamination measurement circuitry.

Receiver Unit FSR102

Details the receiver unit's components, including detector, filters, A/D converters, and control electronics.

Controller Board FSC102

Explains the function of the Controller Board, its microprocessor, interfaces, and heater control.

Interface Unit FSI102

Describes the interface unit's components: power supply, communication controller, and optional battery backup.

Communication Controller Board FSC202

Details the FSC202 board's role in external communication, data message formation, and interface options.

AC (Mains) Power Supply

Explains the AC power supply components, including circuit breaker, fuses, transformer, and transient protection.

Battery Backup

Describes the optional battery backup function for ensuring operation during power failures.

Frangible Mast

Provides information about the frangible mast's material, construction, and frangibility tests.

Software Description

Explains the FS11 sensor's fixed program, task execution, data storage, and alarm generation.

Measuring Sequence

Details the FS11 sensor's measurement cycle, including signal measurement and diagnostic periods.

Visibility Measuring Principle

Explains the forward scatter measurement principle, signal amplification, filtering, and conversion.

Calculations

Describes how the FS11 software calculates extinction coefficient and MOR (Meteorological Optical Range).

Internal Monitoring

Explains the FS11's internal monitoring of voltages, limits, and the generation of warnings and alarms.

FS11 Status Messages

Details how status messages display built-in test results and system status, including short status checks.

Event Messages

Describes the event messages generated by the measurement and interface units for various fault conditions.

Measurement Unit Event Messages

Lists specific event messages related to the FS11 measurement unit, including probable causes and remedies.

Interface Unit Event Messages

Lists specific event messages related to the FS11 interface unit, covering configuration and power issues.

Background Luminance Detector Sensor Event Messages

Lists event messages specific to the background luminance sensor, including range and calibration issues.

Alarm Messages

Categorizes and describes FS11 alarm messages, their probable causes, and recommended remedies.

Warning Messages

Categorizes and describes FS11 warning messages, including window contamination and battery status.

Indication Messages

Lists indication messages related to operational status, such as battery operation or output disconnections.

Optical Contamination and Blocking Monitoring

Explains how the FS11 sensor monitors contamination and blocking of transmitter/receiver optics.

Contamination Compensation

Describes the process of compensating visibility values based on window contamination levels.

Signal Monitoring

Explains the monitoring of receiver saturation, scatter signal saturation, and offset errors.

Transmitter Intensity Stability

Details how transmitter intensity is kept stable and the monitoring for LED aging or failure.

Heaters Operation

Describes the operation of hood and dew heaters for maintaining optics clarity and temperature.

Power Supplies

Explains the monitoring of internal power supply voltages and indications for battery operation.

Analog Interfaces

Describes how temperature and humidity sensor validity is determined and their valid measurement ranges.

Memory Tests and Program Operation

Explains memory tests, program operation monitoring via watchdog circuitry, and status LED indications.

Communication Monitoring

Details the verification of internal communication using CRC16 checksum and reading the error log.

Chapter 6: Maintenance

Cleaning FSM102 Windows

Provides instructions for cleaning the FS11 sensor windows and hoods to ensure accurate measurements.

FS11 Calibration

Explains when FS11 recalibration is needed and the process for calibration checks.

FSM102 Visibility Calibration

Details the procedure for calibrating visibility measurements using the FSA11 calibration kit.

FSM102 Calibration Check Procedure

Outlines the steps for performing a calibration check on the FSM102, including installing zero plugs.

FSM102 Mechanical Alignment Check Procedure

Describes the procedure to check for mechanical misalignment during calibration.

FSM102 Guided Calibration Procedure

Explains the interactive guided calibration procedure for the FS11 sensor.

Evaluating Results of Guided Calibration Procedure for Measurement Unit

Provides examples of successful and failed guided calibration procedures and their results.

Calibration Procedure Failed

Explains scenarios where the guided calibration procedure fails, particularly due to scatter signal test issues.

Replacing FS11 Modules

Provides instructions for removing and replacing FS11 modules suspected of malfunction.

Replacing FSC102

Details the procedure for replacing the FSC102 Visibility Sensor Controller module.

Replacing FSC202

Provides step-by-step instructions for replacing the FSC202 communication controller board.

Replacing FSP103

Details the procedure for replacing the FSP103 power supply board, including safety warnings.

Replacing Transmitter Module FST102 and Receiver Module FSR102

Provides comprehensive instructions for replacing the transmitter and receiver modules.

Replacing/Installing Sensor Cables in FS11

Describes how to detach, replace, and install sensor cables for the FS11 system.

Replacing Fuses

Explains how to locate and replace fuses on the FSP103 board, indicating potential circuit issues.

Chapter 7: Troubleshooting

Errors

Lists and describes common error messages, their probable causes, and recommended remedies.

Error Messages

Details specific error messages like SENSOR NOT RESPONDING and MEMORY ERROR.

Alarms

Lists and describes common alarm messages, their probable causes, and recommended remedies.

Alarm Messages

Details specific alarm messages like TRANSMITTER FAILURE, RECEIVER SATURATED, and TEMPERATURE SENSOR FAILURE.

Warnings

Lists and describes common warning messages, their probable causes, and recommended remedies.

Warning Messages

Details specific warning messages like WINDOW CONTAMINATED, BATTERY LOW, and LED AGED.

Indications

Lists and describes common indication messages, their probable causes, and recommended remedies.

Indication Messages

Details specific indication messages like WORKING ON BATTERY and HOOD HEATER FAULT.

Miscellaneous Problems

Addresses common problems like missing data messages, font issues, and command mode access failures.

Chapter 8: Technical Data

Specifications

Presents the technical specifications for the FS11 Visibility Sensor.

Operational Specifications

Details the operational parameters of the FS11, including measurement range, accuracy, and interval.

Optical Specifications

Describes the optical characteristics of the FS11, including operating principle and scattering angle.

Electrical Specifications

Lists the electrical specifications for the FS11, covering power supply, consumption, outputs, and data.

Mechanical Specifications

Provides the mechanical specifications for the FS11, including dimensions, weight, mounting, and materials.

Environmental Specifications

Details the environmental operating conditions for the FS11, such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed.

Electromagnetic Compatibility

Confirms the FS11's CE compliance and lists verification subjects and standards for EMC directives.

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