Pneumatic Centralization
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PNEUMATIC CENTRALIZATION
Building environmental systems may be pneumatically 
automated to any degree desired. Figure 73 provides an 
example of the front of a pneumatic automation panel. This 
panel contains pneumatic controls and may be local to the 
controlled HVAC system, or it may be located centrally in a 
more convenient location.
In this example, the on-off toggle switch starts and stops the 
fan. The toggle switch may be electric, or pneumatic with a 
Pneumatic-Electric (P/E) relay.
Two pneumatic “target” gauges are shown for the outside air 
damper and the supply fan. The ON/OFF Supply Fan Gauge is 
fed from a fan proof-of-flow relay, and the OPEN/CLOSED 
Damper Gauge is fed from the damper control line.
The Discharge Air Temperature Indicator is fed from the 
pneumatic discharge air temperature sensor and the Three-
Way Valve Gauge is fed from the valve control line.
When pneumatic automation panels are located local to the 
HVAC system, they are usually connected with 1/4 inch plastic 
tubing. When there are many lines at extended lengths, smaller 
diameter plastic tubing may be preferable to save space and 
maintain responsiveness. When the panel devices are remote, 
the air supply should be sourced remotely to avoid pressure 
losses due to long flow lines. The switching air may be from the 
automation panel or it may be fed via a remote restrictor and 
piped in an exhaust configuration.
Fig. 73. Pneumatic Centralization
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PSI
DISCHARGE AIR
TEMPERATURE
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AIR
SUPPLY
FAN
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AHU 6
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COOLING
COIL
M10297
4-11 PSI
NORMALLY
OPEN