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- Immediately following laser therapy, the patient may experience fever and
leucocytosis, which are commonly associated with tissue destruction. These generally
resolve without treatment.
- Laser ablated tissue may become necrotic or infected after treatment. If a question of
infection exists, appropriate treatment should be carried out.
The following complications could be serious and could result in death:
- Patients may experience bleeding at the site of laser therapy. Post-treatment
haematocrits are recommended to identify this potential complication.
- Sepsis can result from performing any surgical procedure. If a question of sepsis exists,
appropriate evaluations should be made.
- Perforation may occur as a result of laser treatment. To diagnose perforations,
patients must be carefully followed post-operatively with appropriate tests.
6.3 Urology Indications
The following applications are indicated for urology while using the Ho:YAG wavelength: open
and endoscopic urological surgery (ablation, vaporization, incision, excision, and coagulation
of soft tissue) including treatment of:
- Endoscopic fragmentation of urinary (urethral, ureteral, bladder and renal) calculi
- Ablation and resection of Bladder Tumors, Ureteral Tumors and Ureteral Tumors;
- Condylomas;
- Lesions of external genitalia;
- Urethral strictures;
- Bladder neck incision.
6.3.1 Urology Contraindications
The Ho:YAG wavelength should not be used in patients with the following conditions:
• Inability to receive endoscopic treatment
• Intolerance to anaesthesia
6.3.2 Urology Warnings
Read General Laser Warnings (see Section 6.2.1) for a list of warnings.
6.3.3 Urology Precautions
6.3.4 Urology Complications
Read General Laser Complications (see Section 6.2.3) for a list of complications.
6.3.5 Urology Clinical Parameters
The Ho:YAG wavelength provides effective hemostasis without damaging surrounding or
non-target tissues. Coagulation can be effected by reducing the energy or power density
incident on vascularized tissue in two ways.