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Vaisala CT25K User Manual

Vaisala CT25K
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CEILOMETER
CT25K
User’s Guide
CT25K-U059en-2.1
26 February 1999
Vaisala 1999

Table of Contents

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Vaisala CT25K Specifications

General IconGeneral
Accuracy (Temperature)±0.2 °C
Resolution (Temperature)0.1 °C
Power Supply24 V DC
Humidity Measurement Range0 ... 100 %RH
Protection ClassIP65
Output SignalRS-485

Summary

Introduction to Manual

Validity of This Manual

Safety Summary

1. General Information

1.1 Product Overview

Describes the CT25K Ceilometer's function, technology, and capabilities.

1.2 Specifications

Details the technical specifications of the CT25K Ceilometer, including mechanical, electrical, and performance aspects.

1.2.1 Mechanical

Provides dimensions, weight, and transport container specifications for the CT25K unit.

1.2.2 External Connector J1 - Window conditioner

Specifies the connector type and mating connector for the window conditioner.

1.2.3 External Connector J2 - Power input

Details the power input connector, nominal voltage, and power consumption.

1.2.4 Output Interface

Describes the serial line standards and data port capabilities for outputting measurement data.

1.2.5 Modem Options

Lists available modem options (DMX55, DMX50) and their specifications.

1.2.6 Transmitter

Details the specifications of the laser transmitter, including source, wavelength, and power.

1.2.7 Receiver

Details the specifications of the receiver, including detector, surface diameter, and filters.

1.2.8 Optical System

Specifies optical system parameters like focal length, lens diameter, and transmittance.

1.2.9 Performance

Details performance metrics such as measurement range, resolution, and acquisition time.

1.2.10 Environmental Conditions

Lists operating environmental conditions like temperature, humidity, and wind.

2. Installation

2.1 Unloading and Unpacking

Provides instructions for safely unloading and unpacking the CT25K Ceilometer.

2.2 Foundation

Describes the standard concrete foundation requirements and installation methods.

2.3 Assembling the Unit

Outlines the four-stage process for assembling the CT25K Ceilometer unit.

2.4 Using the Tilt Feature

Explains how to use the tilt feature for improved measurements and protection.

2.5 Cable Connections

Details the external connectors (J1-J4) and how to make cable connections.

2.6 Grounding

Explains the importance and method of grounding the instrument for safety.

2.7 Connection of Maintenance Terminal

Details connecting a maintenance terminal (PSION3/PC) for operation and maintenance.

3. Start Up

3.1 Start Up Procedure

Provides a step-by-step guide for powering up and initializing the CT25K Ceilometer.

3.1.1 Mobile Operation Aspects

Discusses operational aspects when using the CT25K in mobile configurations.

3.2 Verification of Proper Operation

Explains how to check the CT25K's normal operation using a maintenance terminal.

3.3 Settings for Normal Operation

Lists the required switch settings for the CT25K to operate normally.

3.4 Factory Settings of User Programmable Parameters

Describes how to view and modify user-programmable parameters set at the factory.

4. Operation

4.1 Operation Modes

Explains the two operation modes: continuous (NORMAL) and standby.

4.2 Serial Lines. Open and Closed Port

Describes the two serial communication ports and their states (OPEN/CLOSED).

4.3 User Commands

Details user commands, their hierarchy, and how to use the interactive help system.

4.4 Data Messages

Explains the standard data messages provided by the CT25K, including format and interpretation.

4.5 Polling Mode

Describes how to set up the CT25K to transmit messages based on predetermined polling strings.

4.6 Prevailing Parameter Settings

Shows how to view current control and parameter settings using GET commands.

4.7 Manual Angle Setting

Explains how to disable automatic tilt angle measurement and set a manual value.

5. Functional Description

5.1 Theory of Operation

Explains the basic principle of operation of the CT25K Ceilometer using LIDAR technology.

5.2 Technical Description

Provides a general overview and detailed description of the CT25K's internal components and their functions.

5.2.1 General

Provides an overview of the measurement unit's internal layout and subassembly interconnections.

5.2.2 LIDAR Measurement

Explains the LIDAR measurement process, including signal acquisition and processing.

5.2.3 Internal Monitoring and Control

Describes how essential subassembly functions are monitored for accuracy and reliability.

5.3 Module Descriptions

Details the individual modules and subassemblies that comprise the CT25K Ceilometer.

5.3.1 Optical Subassembly CTB22

Describes the optical subassembly, including its main units and optical cross-talk compensation.

5.3.2 Laser Transmitter CTT21

Details the block diagram and operational description of the laser transmitter.

5.3.3 Receiver CTR21

Explains the receiver's components, signal processing, and automatic gain/bandwidth control.

5.3.4 Optics Monitor CTL21

Describes the optics monitor's function in monitoring laser performance and window contamination.

5.3.5 Board Frame DMF51

Details the board frame, its subassemblies, and protective features against electromagnetic disturbances.

5.3.6 Processor Board DMC50B

Describes the processor board's functions, components, and communication ports.

5.3.7 DC Converter DPS52

Details the DC converter's function, voltage generation, and LED indicators.

5.3.8 Ceilometer Interface Board DCT51

Explains the interface board's role in LIDAR backscatter signal acquisition and timing control.

5.3.9 Line and Power Interface Subassembly CTP241

Describes the subassembly responsible for AC power input, voltage transformation, and control relays.

5.3.10 Internal Heaters Subassembly CT25039

Explains the internal heaters' function in maintaining lens and window temperature.

5.3.11 Tilt Angle Sensor CT3675

Details the tilt angle sensor's function in enabling accurate measurements in tilted directions.

5.3.12 Window Conditioner CT2614 / CT2688

Describes the window conditioner's components and function in clearing the unit window.

5.3.13 Maintenance Terminal PSION3 (Option)

Details the PSION3 palmtop computer as an optional maintenance terminal.

5.3.14 Modem DMX55 (Option)

Describes the DMX55 modem, its standards, and operational modes.

5.3.15 Modem DMX50 (Option)

Describes the DMX50 modem, its supported standards, and operation.

5.3.16 DMX611 ANet™ Interface (Option)

Details the DMX611 interface for Vaisala proprietary ANet and INet busses.

5.4 Sky Condition Algorithm

Explains the algorithm used to calculate cloud cover and layer heights from time-series data.

5.4.1 General

Explains the algorithm used to calculate cloud cover and layer heights from time-series data.

6. Periodic Maintenance

6.1 Alarms and Warnings

Describes how to check for and interpret alarms and warnings in data messages.

6.2 Window Cleaning

Provides instructions for cleaning the unit's window to ensure clear measurements.

6.3 Battery Check

Outlines annual checks for battery condition and replacement guidelines.

6.4 Storage

Offers recommendations for storing the unit, including connector protection and dust covers.

7. Troubleshooting

7.1 Normal Operation

Guides on checking normal operation, including equipment and step-by-step instructions.

7.2 Troubleshooting Warnings

Lists common warnings, their reasons, and instructions for resolution.

7.2.2 Troubleshooting Alarms

Details problems, reasons, and instructions for handling system alarms.

7.2.3 Troubleshooting Miscellaneous Issues

Covers miscellaneous problems, their causes, and suggested solutions.

7.3 Failure Diagnosis

Provides a systematic method for diagnosing the cause of malfunctions in the CT25K.

8. Repair

8.1 General

Outlines general principles and precautions for servicing and repairing the CT25K equipment.

8.2 Writing Conventions Used

Explains command syntax, notation, and conventions used in the repair section.

8.3 Start-up Procedure for Replacement (All Parts)

Details the initial steps and precautions before starting any subassembly replacement.

8.4 Transmitter CTT21 Procedures

Covers procedures for removing, replacing, and adjusting the laser transmitter.

8.5 Receiver CTR21 Procedures

Covers procedures for removing, replacing, and handling coaxial cable issues for the receiver.

8.6 Compensation Fiber Replacement

Details the procedure for replacing the compensation fiber and performing necessary adjustments.

8.7 Optics Monitor CTL21 Replacement

Details the procedures for removing and replacing the optics monitor.

8.8 Boards of Board Frame DMF51 Replacement

Covers the procedures for removing and replacing boards in the DMF51 frame, including DCT51 parameter settings.

8.9 Line & Power Subassembly CTP241 Procedures

Covers removal and replacement of CTP241, internal heater, and battery.

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