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FD12P
Vaisala FD12P User Manual
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Chapter 7
____________________________________________________________
T
roubleshootin
g
VAISALA
_______________________________________________________________________
139
Messag
e
Typical
Min/
Max
Fault
Description
Action
TR.
BACK
SCATT
ER
Con
trol
signal fo
r
the transm
itter
contam
ination.
Clean value.
<-15 V
>14 V
'TRANS-
MITTER
ERROR'
Decreasin
g value can
be
caused as a
bove (R
EC.
BACKSCAT
TER)
LEDI
Actuating
signal f
or
the LED co
ntrol
(transmitter).
0 V ...
6.5 V
-8 V/
+7 V
>+7 V
<-8 V
Changes i
n the volt
age
can be ca
used by
-aging of
the LED
(voltage
decreases)
-rising tem
perature
(voltage
decreases)
-changes d
epending
on
ambient tem
perature
(tem
perature control
is
possibl
y not working).
If the vo
ltage is
between -
3 V ... -8
V, the con
trol
loop is o
peratin
g properl
y
but the IR
LED ma
y
change f
or the wors
e in
the near f
uture.
Change the
transm
itter.
TE
Ambient
temper
ature.
-40
°
C ...
+50
°
C
<-60
°
C
>+50
°
C at
any
rate
Sensor disc
onnected.
Sensor
or cable is s
hort
circui
t.
Check
X14
connection on C
PU
board.
Check
temperature
sensor c
able on
CPU board.
SIGNAL
Frequenc
y of the
transm
ission signa
l
between
transducer
and
CPU (Hz) is
invers
ely
proportion
al to
visibi
lity.
Freq.
Corr.
Visibi
lity
1 Hz
4.5 k
m
10 Hz
800 km
100 Hz
150 km
0.00 Hz
...
10000.00
Hz
Connect j
umper X
11 1-2
on CPU boar
d for soun
d.
(Speaker
not norm
ally
installe
d on CPU b
oard.
Audible s
ound repe
ats
the freque
ncy signa
l.
Move
your hand in th
e
samplin
g volum
e, and
you can chec
k the
operatio
n of FD12
P.
Sound ch
anges in r
ange
130 ... 1000
0 Hz
depending on the obj
ect
mo
vements in th
e samp
le
volum
e.
If no sound
or no
change, c
heck other
inform
ation of the
STA m
essage.
VBB
absolute
V
BB
=V
b
*2 - 1.2
V
when V
b
=12 V
22.8 V
16 V /
25 V
<16
>25
<21 V
>24 V
Power input for the
electr
onics is
on the
CPU board, con
nector
X17, pin
4, pin 6: G
ND.
Vb volt
age valu
e
is +8.6 ...
+13 V.
138
140
Table of Contents
Default Chapter
3
Table of Contents
3
Chapter 1 General Information
11
About this Manual
11
Contents of this Manual
11
Version Information
12
Related Manuals
12
Safety
12
General Safety Considerations
12
Table 1 Manual Revisions
12
Table 2 Related Manuals
12
Product Related Safety Precautions
13
Ground the Equipment
13
Safety Summary
13
Radio Frequency Interference Statement (USA)
15
ESD Protection
15
Trademarks
16
Warranty
16
Chapter 2 Product Overview
17
Introduction
17
Hardware Structure
17
Figure 1 FD12P Weather Sensor Site
18
Figure 2 DRD12 Rain Detector and DTS14B Temperature Sensor
19
Sensing Elements
19
Electronics Enclosure
20
Structural Elements
20
Operating Principle
21
Figure 3 FD12P Block Diagram
21
Using FD12P
22
Equipment Nomenclature
23
Table 3 Basic Set
23
Table 4 Options
23
Specifications
24
Mechanical Specifications
24
Electrical Specifications
24
Optical Specifications
25
Capabilities and Limitations
26
Visibility Measurement Specifications
26
Weather Sensing Specifications
26
Environmental Specifications
27
Chapter 3 Installation
29
Organizing Installation
29
Location and Orientation
30
Figure 4 Recommended Location for the FD12P
31
Grounding and Lightning Protection
32
Equipment Grounding
32
Figure 5 FD12P Equipment Grounding
33
Internal Grounding
34
Grounding for Testing Purposes
34
Grounding Remote Units and Communication Cable
34
Cable Selection
35
Communication Cable
35
Line Power Cabling
35
Table 5 Mains Cable Selection
35
Table 6 Communication Cable Lengths
35
Unloading and Unpacking
36
Storage Information
36
Unpacking Procedure
36
Installation Procedures
37
Constructing the Foundation
37
Figure 6 Casting a Concrete Foundation
37
Mounting to an Existing Surface
38
Mounting When Casting the Pad
38
Figure 7 Constructing the FD12P Foundation
39
Assembling the FD12P
40
Attaching the DTS14B Temperature Sensor to the Mast
41
Figure 8 Tilting the Pole Mast
41
Figure 9 DTS14B and the Sensor Holder Assembly to Mast
42
Basic Wiring
43
Connecting Cables
43
Figure 10 Connecting Internal Grounding
43
Figure 11 Cabling Principle
44
Figure 12 Line Voltage and ON/OFF Switches
45
Communication Cable EMC-Shielding
46
Figure 13 Electronics Enclosure Feedthroughs
46
Figure 14 Cable Grounding Instructions
47
Connecting a Background Luminance Sensor or a Day/Night Switch to FD12P
48
Figure 15 Wiring the Connector for the LM11 Background Luminance
49
Meter
49
Communication Options
50
Figure 16 Wiring the Day/Night Photo Switch
50
Serial Communications Settings
50
Serial Transmission RS-232
50
Figure 17 Communication Option
51
Serial Multipoint Transmission RS-485
51
Figure 18 RS-485 Communication Option
52
Modem DMX21
52
Figure 19 Wiring the Modem
53
Table 7 Transmit Frequencies of the DMX21 Modem Board
53
Indicators
54
Indicators and Manual Controls
54
Manual Controls
54
Table 8 LED Indicators of the DMX21 Modem
54
Table 9 Manual Controls of the DMX21 Modem
54
Analog Transmission
55
Connecting the Maintenance Terminal
55
Figure 20 Analog Current Loop Option
55
Initial Settings
56
Startup Testing
56
Table 10 Default Communication Settings
57
Table 11 Commands for Changing the Default Settings
57
Table 12 Commands for Displaying and Changing the Parameters
57
Chapter 4 Operation
59
Introduction
59
User Commands in Normal Operation
59
Table 13 Settings and Corresponding Commands
60
Table 14 Routine Command for Maintenance
60
Table 15 Status Report Command
60
Markings Used in this Manual
61
Entering/Exiting the Command Mode
61
OPEN Command
61
CLOSE Command
62
Automatic Message Sending
62
Message Types
63
Message 0
64
Message 1
64
Message 2
65
Message 3
65
Message 4
66
Messages 5 and 6
66
Table 16 Transmitter Status Correspondence between MITRAS and FD12P
67
Message 7
68
Message Polling
69
FD12P Command Set
70
HELP Command
70
Table 17 Receiver Status Correspondence between MITRAS and FD12P67 Table 18 HELP Command Sets
70
MES Command
71
AMES Command
71
AMES Message_Number Message_Interval
72
Message_Interval
72
Message_Number
72
The Valid Range Is 0
72
Weather Related Commands
73
Table 19 Commands for Displaying or Setting Weather Analysis Parameters
73
WPAR Command
73
WSET Command
73
Haze Limit
74
Precipitation Limit
74
Weather Update Delay
74
Drizzle Limit
75
Heavy Rain Limit
75
Light Rain Limit
75
Rain Intensity Scale
75
Violent Rain Limit
75
Heavy Drizzle Limit
76
Heavy Snow Limit
76
Light Drizzle Limit
76
Light Snow Limit
76
Snow Limit
76
DRD Scale
77
Hail Limit
77
Ice Crystals Limit
77
PRW Command
77
Snow Grains Limit
77
Snow Pellets Limit
77
Warm Limit
77
CLRS Command
78
WHIS Command
78
System Configuration Commands
79
PAR Command
79
Vaisala
79
Table 20 Commands for Displaying System Parameters and Editing the Current System Configuration
79
CONF Command
80
BAUD Command
84
BLSC Command
84
Maintenance Commands
85
STA Command
85
Table 21 Maintenance Commands
85
Selected in the Configuration
86
Table 22 Hardware Error Texts
86
Table 23 Hardware Warning Texts
86
CAL Command
87
TCAL Command
87
CLEAN Command
88
CHEC Command
89
DRY and WET Commands
89
FREQ Command
89
AN Command
90
Analog Output Calibration
91
Analog Output Commands
91
Data Scaling
92
Hardware Check
92
DATE Command
93
Other Commands
93
TIME Command
93
RESET Command
94
Chapter 5 Functional Description
95
General
95
Optical Measurement
96
Optical Arrangement
96
FDT12B Transmitter Unit
96
Figure 21 FD12P Optical System
96
Figure 22 FDT12B Transmitter Block Diagram
97
FDR12 Receiver Unit
98
Figure 23 FDR12 Receiver Block Diagram
98
Additional Measurements
99
DRI21 Interface Board
99
General
99
DRD12 Rain Detector
100
Figure 24 DRI21 Block Diagram in the FD12P Application
100
DTS14B Temperature Sensor
101
FDP12 Control Unit
101
Figure 25 DRD12 Block Diagram
101
Vaisala
101
Figure 26 FDP12 Control Unit Block Diagram
102
Measurement Signal Processing
103
Figure 27 Optical Raw Data (in Rain)
103
Optical Signal Processing
103
DRD12 Signal Processing
104
Figure 28 Optical Signal Amplitude Distribution (in Rain)
104
Figure 29 DRD12 Surface Signal (Heavy Rain Beginning)
104
Algorithm Description
105
Visibility
105
Detecting Precipitation
106
Precipitation Intensity
106
Precipitation Accumulation
107
Precipitation Types
108
Present Weather
108
Figure 30 Precipitation Type Determination Principle
109
Liquid Precipitation
109
Frozen Precipitation
110
Fog
111
Mixed Precipitation
111
Unknown Precipitation
111
Visibility Types
111
Haze and Mist
112
Weather Classes
112
Weather Code Selection
113
Applications
113
Internal Monitoring
114
Built-In Tests
114
Hardware Monitoring
115
Memory Tests
115
Signal Monitoring
115
Contamination Monitoring
116
Chapter 6 Maintenance
117
General
117
Cleaning
118
Cleaning Lenses and Hoods
118
Cleaning DRD12 Rain Detector
118
Calibration
119
General
119
Visibility Calibration
119
Calibration Check Procedure
120
Figure 31 Assembling the FDA13 Calibrator
122
Calibration Procedure
123
Calibrating the DTS14B Temperature Sensor
124
Figure 32 DTS14 Sensor Holder Assembly to Mast
125
Removing and Replacing
126
Removing and Replacing Optical Units
126
Figure 33 Removing the Optical Units
127
Figure 34 Replacing the Optical Units
128
Figure 35 Removing the DRD12 Rain Detector
129
Removing and Replacing the DRD12 Rain Detector
129
Calibrating FD12P Weather Sensor after Unit Replacement
130
Table 24 Parameters for Optical Measurement
131
Table 25 Parameters for DRD12 Precipitation Detector
131
Table 26 Parameters for DTS14 Temperature Sensor
131
Table 27 Updating Parameters
131
Table 28 Parameters and Commands
132
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting
133
Warnings
133
Troubleshooting Examples
133
Message Indicating Warning or Alarm
133
Message Missing
134
Visibility Value Is Missing
135
Visibility Value Is Continuously too Good
135
Visibility Is Constantly too Low
136
FDP12 Reports Precipitation When There Is None
136
FD12P Reports Frozen Precipitation During Rain
136
Have Jumper Settings Been Changed
137
Values for Internal Monitoring
137
Table 29 Values for Internal Monitoring
138
Getting Help
140
Return Instructions
140
Appendix A Nws and Wmo Codes Used in Fd12P
143
The NWS Codes
143
Table 30 Internal Weather Types, NWS Code
143
Table 31 WMO SYNOP Codes
143
Table 34 WMO Code Table 4678. Codes Used by FD12P
145
Appendix B Jumper Settings and Internal Wiring
147
Figure 36 Basic Electronics Enclosure Wiring
148
CPU Board
149
DC-Regulator
149
DRI21 Interface Board
149
Table 35 CPU Board Jumpers
149
Table 36 CPU Board Connectors
149
Table 37 DC-Regulator Connectors
149
Table 38 DRI21 Interface Board Jumpers
149
Table 39 DRI21 Interface Board Connectors
150
Table 40 Electronics Enclosure/Transducer Cable Signals
150
Appendix C
151
Transmitter and Receiver Test Points
151
Figure 37 Test Points, Transmitter
151
Table 41 Transmitter Test Points
151
Figure 38 Test Points, Receiver
152
Table 42 Receiver Test Points
152
Index
153
4
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Vaisala FD12P Specifications
General
Brand
Vaisala
Model
FD12P
Category
Accessories
Language
English
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