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Introduction
The Microwave Muffl e Furnace, Model Phoenix, is a special purpose microwave
system designed for laboratory use in heating/ashing a wide range of materials. Its
primary purpose is the rapid oxidation of samples for the gravimetric determination
of ash content (loss on ignition).
Calculations for the Phoenix include
• % LOD (Loss on Drying) = Initial Weight-Final Weight (Dried Sample Weight)
x 100
• % Ash = Final Weight (Ash Weight)/Sample Weight x 100
• % ROI (Residue on Ignition) = Final Weight (Ash Weight)/Sample Weight)
x 100
• % LOI (Loss on Ignition) = Initial Weight - Final Weight (Ash Weight)/Sample
Weight) x 100
• % Total Residue = Final Weight (Dried)/Sample Weight x 100
• % Vol. Residue = Dried Weight – Ash Weight/Dried Weight x 100
• % Fixed Residue = Final Weight (Ashed)/Dried Weight x 100
The Phoenix system can be equipped with either a high temperature furnace or a
high capacity furnace. The high temperature furnace is for applications requiring
temperatures up to 1200 ºC. It can accommodate up to eight (8) CEM quartz fi ber
crucibles. The high capacity furnace is for applications at or below 1000 ºC. It can
accommodate up to 15 CEM quartz fi ber crucibles.
The Phoenix consists of
• a microwave power system.
• a stainless steel microwave cavity with exhaust fan,
• a programmable digital computer,
• a muffl e furnace, either high temperature or high capacity
• an internal temperature control system,
• internal calibration software,
• two (2) RS-232 ports and one (1) parallel printer port,
• exhaust hose to vent fumes, and
• furnace door holder.
Available accessories for use with the Phoenix include
• ashing crucibles and accessories,
• balances,
• printers, and
• calibration source instrumentation
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