SEBU8325-01 37
Maintenance Section
Refill Capacities
Oil analysis
Some engines may be equipped with an oil sampling
valve. If oil a
nalysis is required the oil sampling valve
is used to obtain samples of the engine oil. The oil
analysis will complement the preventive maintenance
program.
The oil analysis is a diagnostic tool that is used to
determine o
il performance and component wear
rates. Contamination can be identified and measured
by using the oil analysis. The oil analysis includes
the followi
ng tests:
•
The Wear Rate Analysis monitors the wear of the
engine's m
etals. The amount of wear metal and
type of wear metal that is in the oil is analyzed. The
increase in the rate of engine wear metal in the
oilisasim
portant as the quantity of engine wear
metal in the oil.
•
Tests are
conducted in order to detect
contamination of the oil by water, glycol, or fuel.
•
The Oil Co
ndition Analysis determines the loss of
the oil's lubricating properties. An infrared analysis
is used to compare the properties of new oil to the
propert
ies of the used oil sample. This analysis
allows technicians to determine the amount of
deterioration of the oil during use. This analysis
also all
ows technicians to verify the performance
oftheoilaccordingtothespecification during the
entire oil change interval.
i04478616
Fluid Recommendations
(Coolant Information)
Cooling System Specifications
General Coolant Information
NOT
ICE
Never add coolant to an overheated engine. Engine
damage could result. Allow the engine to cool first.
NOTICE
If the engine is to be stored in, or shipped to an area
with below freezing temperatures, the cooling system
must be either protected to the lowest outside temper-
ature or drained completely to prevent damage.
NOTICE
Frequently ch
eck the specific gravity of the coolant for
proper freeze protection or for anti-boil protection.
Clean the cooling system for the following reasons:
•
Contamination of the cooling system
•
Overheating of the engine
•
Foaming of the coolant
NOTICE
Never operate an engine without water temperature
regulators in the cooling system. Water temperature
regulators help to maintain the engine coolant at the
proper operating temperature. Cooling system prob-
lems can develop without water temperature regula-
tors.
Many engine failures are related to the cooling
system. The following problems are related to cooling
system failures: Overheating, leakage of the water
pump, and plugged radiators or heat exchangers.
These failures can be avoided with correct cooling
system maintenance. Cooling system maintenance is
as important as maintenance of the fuel system and
the lubrication system. Quality of the coolant is as
important as the quality of the fuel and the lubricating
oil.
Coolant is normally composed of three elements:
Water, additives, and glycol.
Water
Waterisusedinthecoolingsysteminorderto
transfer heat.
Distilled water or deionized water is
recommended for use in engine cooling systems.
DO NOT use the following types of water in cooling
systems: Hard water, softened water that has been
conditioned with salt, and sea water.
If distilled water or deionized water is not available,
use water with the properties that are listed in Table 7.
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