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IBM N Series Hardware Guide
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© Copyright IBM Cor
p
. 2012,
2014. All rights re
ser
v
e
d.
33
C
h
ap
t
e
r 4.
High-end systems
This chapter describes the IBM System Sto
rage N series 7000 system, which addresses the
high-end se
gment.
This chapte
r includes
the following sections:
Overview
N7x50T hardw
are
IBM N7x50T configur
ation rules
N7000T technical specifications
4
52
54
Table of Contents
Default Chapter
1
Default Chapter
1
Front Cover
1
Table of Contents
5
Notices
13
Trademarks
14
Authors
15
Preface
15
Now You Can Become a Published Author, too
16
Comments Welcome
17
Stay Connected to IBM Redbooks
17
May 2014, Fourth Edition
19
New Information
19
Changed Information
19
Summary of Changes
19
Part 1. Introduction to N Series Hardware
21
Chapter 1. Introduction to IBM System Storage N Series
23
Overview
24
IBM System Storage N Series Hardware
25
Software Licensing Structure
29
MID-Range and High-End
29
Entry-Level
30
Data ONTAP 8 Supported Systems
31
Chapter 2. Entry-Level Systems
33
Overview
34
N32X0 Common Features
35
N3150 Model Details
36
N3150 Model 2857-A15
36
N3150 Model 2857-A25
36
N3150 Hardware
36
N3220 Model Details
38
N3220 Model 2857-A12
38
N3220 Model 2857-A22
38
N3220 Hardware
38
N3240 Model Details
39
N3240 Model 2857-A14
39
N3240 Model 2857-A24
39
N3240 Hardware
40
N3000 Technical Specifications
42
Chapter 3. MID-Range Systems
43
Overview
44
Common Features
44
Hardware Summary
44
Functions and Features Common to All Models
45
N62X0 Model Details
46
N6220 and N6250 Hardware Overview
46
IBM N62X0 Metrocluster and Gateway Models
50
N62X0 Technical Specifications
51
Chapter 4. High-End Systems
53
Overview
54
Common Features
54
Hardware Summary
55
N7X50T Hardware
55
Chassis Configuration
55
Controller Module Components
56
I/O Expansion Module Components
58
IBM N7X50T Configuration Rules
59
IBM N Series N7X50T Slot Configuration
59
N7X50T Hot-Pluggable Frus
59
N7X50T Cooling Architecture
60
System-Level Diagnostic Procedures
60
Metrocluster, Gateway, and Flexcache
60
N7X50T Guidelines
60
N7X50T SFP+ Modules
61
N7000T Technical Specifications
63
Chapter 5. Expansion Units
65
Shelf Technology Overview
66
Expansion Unit EXN3000
66
Overview
66
Supported EXN3000 Drives
68
Environmental and Technical Specifications
68
Expansion Unit EXN3200
68
Overview
69
Supported EXN3000 Drives
70
Environmental and Technical Specifications
70
Expansion Unit EXN3500
71
Overview
72
Intermix Support
73
Supported EXN3500 Drives
73
Environmental and Technical Specification
74
Self-Encrypting Drive
74
SED at a Glance
74
SED Overview
75
Threats Mitigated by Self-Encryption
75
Effect of Self-Encryption on Data ONTAP Features
75
Mixing Drive Types
75
Key Management
76
Expansion Unit Technical Specifications
78
Chapter 6. Cabling Expansions
79
EXN3000 and EXN3500 Disk Shelves Cabling
80
Controller-To-Shelf Connection Rules
80
SAS Shelf Interconnects
81
Top Connections
83
Bottom Connections
84
Verifying SAS Connections
84
Connecting the Optional ACP Cables
85
EXN4000 Disk Shelves Cabling
86
Non-Multipath Fibre Channel Cabling
87
Multipath Fibre Channel Cabling
88
Multipath HA Cabling
89
Chapter 7. Highly Available Controller Pairs
91
HA Pair Overview
92
Benefits of HA Pairs
92
Characteristics of Nodes in an HA Pair
93
Preferred Practices for Deploying an HA Pair
94
Comparison of HA Pair Types
94
HA Pair Types and Requirements
96
Standard HA Pairs
96
Mirrored HA Pairs
98
Stretched Metrocluster
99
Fabric-Attached Metrocluster
100
Configuring the HA Pair
102
Configuration Variations for Standard HA Pair Configurations
103
Preferred Practices for HA Pair Configurations
103
Enabling Licenses on the HA Pair Configuration
104
Configuring Interface Groups
104
Configuring Interfaces for Takeover
105
Setting Options and Parameters
106
Testing Takeover and Giveback
107
Eliminating Single Points of Failure with HA Pair Configurations
108
Managing an HA Pair Configuration
109
Halting a Node Without Takeover
110
Basic HA Pair Configuration Management
111
HA Pair Configuration Failover Basic Operations
120
Connectivity During Failover
120
Chapter 8. Metrocluster
123
Overview of Metrocluster
124
Business Continuity Solutions
127
Stretch Metrocluster
127
Planning Stretch Metrocluster Configurations
128
Cabling Stretch Metroclusters
129
Fabric Attached Metrocluster
130
Planning Fabric Metrocluster Configurations
131
Cabling Fabric Metroclusters
133
Synchronous Mirroring with Syncmirror
134
Syncmirror Overview
134
Syncmirror Without Metrocluster
137
Metrocluster Zoning and TI Zones
138
Failure Scenarios
140
Metrocluster Host Failure
141
N Series and Expansion Unit Failure
141
Metrocluster Interconnect Failure
142
Metrocluster Site Failure
143
Metrocluster Site Recovery
144
Chapter 9. Metrocluster Expansion Cabling
145
Fibrebridge 6500N
146
Description
146
Architecture
146
Administration and Management
150
Stretch Metrocluster with SAS Shelves and SAS Cables
151
Before You Begin
151
Installing a New System with SAS Disk Shelves by Using SAS Optical Cables
153
Replacing SAS Cables in a Multipath HA Configuration
155
Hot-Adding an SAS Disk Shelf by Using SAS Optical Cables
157
Replacing Fibrebridge and SAS Copper Cables with SAS Optical Cables
161
Chapter 10. Data Protection with RAID Double Parity
167
Background
168
Why Use RAID-DP
169
Single-Parity RAID Using Larger Disks
170
Advantages of RAID-DP Data Protection
170
RAID-DP Overview
171
Protection Levels with RAID-DP
171
Larger Versus Smaller RAID Groups
171
RAID-DP and Double Parity
172
Internal Structure of RAID-DP
173
RAID 4 Horizontal Row Parity
173
Adding RAID-DP Double-Parity Stripes
174
RAID-DP Reconstruction
175
Protection Levels with RAID-DP
179
Hot Spare Disks
183
Chapter 11. Core Technologies
185
Write Anywhere File Layout
186
Disk Structure
187
NVRAM and System Memory
188
Intelligent Caching of Write Requests
189
Journaling Write Requests
189
NVRAM Operation
190
N Series Read Caching Techniques
192
Introduction of Read Caching
192
Read Caching in System Memory
192
Chapter 12. Flash Cache
195
About Flash Cache
196
Flash Cache Module
196
How Flash Cache Works
196
Data ONTAP Disk Read Operation
197
Data ONTAP Clearing Space in the System Memory for more Data
197
Saving Useful Data in Flash Cache
198
Reading Data from Flash Cache
199
Chapter 13. Disk Sanitization
201
Data ONTAP Disk Sanitization
202
Data Confidentiality
202
Background
202
Data Erasure and Standards Compliance
202
Technology Drivers
203
Costs and Risks
203
Data ONTAP Sanitization Operation
204
Disk Sanitization with Encrypted Disks
206
Chapter 14. Designing an N Series Solution
207
Primary Issues that Affect Planning
208
Performance and Throughput
208
Capacity Requirements
208
Other Effects of Snapshot
214
Capacity Overhead Versus Performance
215
Processor Usage
215
Effects of Optional Features
215
Future Expansion
215
Application Considerations
216
Backup Servers
219
Backup and Recovery
219
Resiliency to Failure
220
Summary
222
Part 2. Installation and Administration
223
Chapter 15. Preparation and Installation
225
Installation Prerequisites
226
Pre-Installation Checklist
226
Before Arriving on Site
226
Configuration Worksheet
227
Initial Hardware Setup
230
Troubleshooting if the System Does Not Boot
231
Chapter 16. Basic N Series Administration
233
Administration Methods
234
Filerview Interface
234
Command-Line Interface
234
N Series System Manager
236
Oncommand
236
Starting, Stopping, and Rebooting the Storage System
236
Starting the IBM System Storage N Series Storage System
237
Stopping the IBM System Storage N Series Storage System
237
Rebooting the System
242
Part 3. Client Hardware Integration
243
Chapter 17. Host Utilities Kits
245
Host Utilities Kits
246
Host Utilities Kit Components
246
What Is Included in the HUK
246
Current Supported Operating Environments
246
Host Utilities Functions
247
Host Configuration
247
IBM N Series Controller and LUN Configuration
247
Windows Installation Example
247
Installing and Configuring Host Utilities
247
Preparation
248
Running the Host Utilities Installation Program
251
Host Configuration Settings
252
Host Utilities Registry and Parameters Settings
253
Setting up Luns
254
LUN Overview
254
Initiator Group
254
Mapping Luns for Windows Clusters
255
Adding Iscsi Targets
255
Accessing Luns on Hosts
256
Chapter 18. Boot from SAN
257
Overview
258
Configuring SAN Boot for IBM System X Servers
259
Configuration Limits and Preferred Configurations
259
Preferred Practices
260
Basics of the Boot Process
262
Configuring SAN Booting before Installing Windows or Linux Systems
263
Windows 2003 Enterprise SP2 Installation
281
Windows 2008 Enterprise Installation
283
Red hat Enterprise Linux 5.2 Installation
289
Boot from SAN and Other Protocols
291
Boot from Iscsi SAN
291
Boot from Fcoe
291
Chapter 19. Host Multipathing
293
Overview
294
Multipathing Software Options
295
Third-Party Multipathing Solution
295
Native Multipathing Solution
296
Asymmetric Logical Unit Access
296
Why ALUA
296
Part 4. Performing Upgrades
299
Chapter 20. Designing for Nondisruptive Upgrades
301
System NDU
302
Types of System NDU
302
Supported Data ONTAP Upgrades
303
System NDU Hardware Requirements
304
System NDU Software Requirements
304
Prerequisites for a System NDU
306
Steps for Major Version Upgrades NDU in NAS and SAN Environments
307
System Commands Compatibility
308
Shelf Firmware NDU
308
Types of Shelf Controller Module Firmware Ndus Supported
309
Upgrading the Shelf Firmware
309
Upgrading the AT-FCX Shelf Firmware on Live Systems
309
Upgrading the AT-FCX Shelf Firmware During System Reboot
310
Disk Firmware NDU
310
Overview of Disk Firmware NDU
311
Upgrading the Disk Firmware Non-Disruptively
311
ACP Firmware NDU
312
Upgrading ACP Firmware Non-Disruptively
312
Upgrading ACP Firmware Manually
313
RLM Firmware NDU
313
Chapter 21. Hardware and Software Upgrades
315
Hardware Upgrades
316
Connecting a New Disk Shelf
316
Adding a PCI Adapter
316
Upgrading a Storage Controller Head
317
Software Upgrades
317
Upgrading to Data ONTAP 7.3
318
Upgrading to Data ONTAP 8.1
319
Part 5
327
Appendix A. Getting Started
329
Preinstallation Planning
330
Collecting Documents
330
Initial Worksheet for Setting up the Nodes
330
Start with the Hardware
334
Power on N Series
335
Updating Data ONTAP
339
Obtaining the Data ONTAP Software from the IBM NAS Website
340
Installing Data ONTAP System Files
341
Downloading Data ONTAP to the Storage System
346
Setting up the Network Using Console
348
Changing the IP Address
349
Setting up the DNS
350
Appendix B. Operating Environment
353
N3000 Entry-Level Systems
354
N3400
354
N3220
354
N3240
355
N6000 MID-Range Systems
356
N6210
356
N6240
357
N6270
358
N7000 High-End Systems
358
N7950T
358
N Series Expansion Shelves
359
Exn1000
359
Exn3000
359
Exn3500
360
Exn4000
361
Related Publications
363
BM Redbooks
363
Other Publications
364
Online Resources
364
Help from IBM
364
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IBM N Series Specifications
General
Brand
IBM
Model
N Series
Category
Storage
Language
English
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