List of Contents
Engineering Information
SINAMICS Engineering Manual – November 2015
Ó Siemens AG
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List of Contents
1 Fundamental Principles and System Description .......................................................................... 16
1.1 Operating principle of SINAMICS converters .............................................................................................. 16
1.1.1 General operating principle ............................................................................................................ 16
1.1.2 Pulse modulation method ............................................................................................................... 16
1.1.2.1 Generation of a variable voltage by pulse-width modulation ............................................................. 17
1.1.2.2 Maximum attainable output voltage with space vector modulation SVM ........................................... 18
1.1.2.3 Maximum attainable output voltage with pulse-edge modulation PEM .............................................. 19
1.1.3 The pulse frequency and its influence on key system properties ...................................................... 21
1.1.3.1 Factory settings and ranges of pulse frequency settings .................................................................. 21
1.1.3.2 Interrelationships between current controller clock cycle, pulse frequency and output frequency ....... 22
1.1.3.3 Influence of the pulse frequency on the inverter output current ........................................................ 24
1.1.3.4 Influence of the pulse frequency on losses and efficiency of inverter and motor................................ 24
1.1.3.5 Influence of the pulse frequency on the motor noise ........................................................................ 24
1.1.3.6 Correlation between pulse frequency and motor-side options .......................................................... 26
1.1.4 Open-loop and closed-loop control modes ...................................................................................... 27
1.1.4.1 General information about speed adjustment .................................................................................. 27
1.1.4.2 V/f control modes ........................................................................................................................... 27
1.1.4.3 Field-oriented control modes .......................................................................................................... 29
1.1.4.4 A comparison of the key features of open-loop and closed-loop control modes ................................ 31
1.1.4.5 Load balance on mechanically coupled drives................................................................................. 31
1.1.5 Power ratings of SINAMICS converters and inverters / Definition of the output power ....................... 33
1.2 Supply systems and supply system types .................................................................................................. 35
1.2.1 General ......................................................................................................................................... 35
1.2.2 Connection of converters to the supply system and protection of converters .................................... 37
1.2.3 Short Circuit Current Rating (SCCR according to UL) ...................................................................... 38
1.2.4 Maximum short-circuit currents (SCCR according to IEC) and minimum short-circuit currents ..................... 39
1.2.5 Connection of converters to grounded systems (TN or TT) .............................................................. 44
1.2.6 Connection of converters to non-grounded systems (IT) .................................................................. 45
1.2.7 Connection of converters to supply systems with different short-circuit powers ................................. 49
1.2.8 Supply voltage variations and supply voltage dips ........................................................................... 51
1.2.9 Behaviour of SINAMICS converters during supply voltage variations and dips ................................. 52
1.2.10 Permissible harmonics on the supply voltage .................................................................................. 59
1.2.11 Summary of permissible supply system conditions for SINAMICS converters ................................... 60
1.2.12 Line-side contactors and circuit breakers ........................................................................................ 61
1.3 Transformers ............................................................................................................................................... 66
1.3.1 Unit transformers ........................................................................................................................... 66
1.3.1.1 General information about calculating the required apparent power of a unit transformer .................. 66
1.3.1.2 Method of calculating the required apparent power S of a unit transformer ....................................... 68
1.3.2 Transformer types .......................................................................................................................... 69
1.3.3 Features of standard transformers and converter transformers ........................................................ 70
1.3.4 Three-winding transformers ............................................................................................................ 71
1.4 Harmonic effects on the supply system ...................................................................................................... 72
1.4.1 General ......................................................................................................................................... 72
1.4.2 Harmonic currents of 6-pulse rectifier circuits .................................................................................. 74
1.4.2.1 SINAMICS G130, G150, S120 Basic Infeed and S120 Smart Infeed in motor operation ................... 74
1.4.2.2 SINAMICS S120 Smart Infeed in regenerative operation ................................................................. 76
1.4.3 Harmonic currents of 6-pulse rectifier circuits with Line Harmonics Filter .......................................... 77
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