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11.1.1. Cleaning
To be performed at two levels:
- Routine cleaning: To be performed always between two consecutive runs with same
product
- Radical cleaning: To be performed always when changing of product or when unit has been
out of use for a long time
According to the level of dirtiness of the unit, cleaning products more or less
aggressive will be used, i.e.:
Cool or hot water, mild detergent solutions, organic solvents. In all cases, use of non-
aggressive tools is recommended: particle free clothing or paper, sponge, brushes...
The target of the cleaning is to perform a mechanical work able to remove the
residues and organic material stuck to the surface of the equipment. This dragging effect is
also useful to remove a big part of microbial load. After cleaning, a complete drying is
required.
Nonaggressive tools recommended:
- particle free clothing or paper
- sponge
- brushes, etc.
Cleaning products more or less aggressive:
- Cool or hot water
- mild detergent solutions
- organic solvents
11.1.2. Disinfection
After cleaning, disinfecting of surface to remove microbiological contamination is
necessary. This is not a sterilization but sanitization, by means of suitable disinfectants.
It is recommended to use several types of disinfectants with different mechanism,
and use them alternatively, changing from one to another every 1-2 months to avoid
development of bacterial resistance.
Some recommended disinfectants are:
- Alcohol: Isopropanol 70%, or ethanol 70%
- Aldehydes: Formaline, Glutaraldehyde
- Cationic: Benzalconium chloride, quaternary ammonium
- Peroxide and oxides: Hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid
Once cleaning and disinfecting is done, a test is required to check that procedure has
been properly performed (with a small broom or with a piece of sterile cotton). A visual
inspection and a microbiological control of collected samples are recommended.
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