Various
Settings
About
crossover
The frequency band that
is
stored
by
audio media such as CDs
is
a fairly wide range from
20
Hz to
20
kHz, and it
is
difficult for a single speaker
to
be
able
to
play back all frequencies
in
such a wide
range.
Because of this, several speakers can be used, with different frequency bands (such as treble,
medium and bass) allotted to each speaker so that wide frequency ranges can
be
played back. The
"Crossover" function
is
used to allot the frequency ranges that are to
be
played back by each
speaker
in
accordance to the installed speaker units and the layout
of
the speakers,
in
order to
obtain the maximum level
of
performance from the speakers and to provide the most stable
frequency characteristics.
The crossover function includes a high-pass filter (HPF) for playing back treble sounds, and a low-
pass filter (LPF) for playing back bass sounds.
In
addition, the HPF and LPF are used
in
combination
in
order to play back sounds
in
the mid range.
·3dB
...•.........•.....•..••..••.•...•..•..•. :
Bass
range
:
(woofers)
20Hz
fc
(LPF)
Medium
range
(front/rear
speakers)
fc
(HPF)
3dB
20kHz
For example, when adjusting the
HPF,
frequencies that are lower than the specified frequency are
progressively dampened, rather than simply not being played back at all. The "slope" adjustment
function
is
the function that
is
used to adjust these dampening characteristics.
The slope characteristics
of
a filter are such that with larger slope values (for example 12 dB/oct),
the slope becomes steeper, and so the amount
of
sound mixing
in
with neighboring bands becomes
less so that only the target band is played back. However, it also causes the merging of sound
between speakers to become poorer and can result
in
greater distortion.
• The crossover function
is
a filter that allocates the specified frequency bands.
• A high-pass filter (HPF)
is
a filter that cuts out frequencies that are lower than the specified
frequency (bass range) and allows higher frequencies (treble range) to pass through.
• A low-pass filter (LPF)
is
a filter that cuts out frequencies that are higher than the specified
frequency (treble range) and allows lower frequencies (bass range) to pass through.
• The slope
is
the signal level at which frequencies that are one octave higher or one octave lower
are dampened.
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