C-6 Methods Performance
C.16 Expected Values
These reference ranges are provided as a guideline. The most definitive reference ranges are those established for the patient popu-
lation. Test results should be interpreted in conjunction with the patient’s clinical signs. Potassium and total protein levels determined
in plasma may differ from the ranges given below.
*Ranges cited by Meyer, et al
10
for dogs and cats were adjusted to reflect field data collected by Abaxis on the VetScan VS2 Chemistry Analyzer.
**
Cutoffs for Bile Acids (BA) set for 100% specificity with a sensitivity of 74% for dogs and cats. See Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC, eds. St. Louis: W.B.
Saunders Company. 2000: 1288–1290.
*** Feline reference interval is for adults only. Kittens (younger than 6 months) may have lower chloride levels.
†
Creatinine values were lowered 0.2 mg/dL from those in Meyer, et al10. The Jaffé method measures creatinine, and “quasi-creatinine” com-
pounds not measured in the enzymatic method used in the VetScan Diagnostic Profile Plus.
††
Calculated value.
Table 1: Canine, Feline, Equine and Bovine Ranges
Analyte Canine Feline Equine Bovine
Alanine aminotransferase
10–118 U/L 20–100 U/L 5–20 U/L N/A
Albumin (ALB)
2.5–4.4 g/dL*
(25–44 g/L)
2.2–4.4 g/dL*
(27–45 g/L)
2.2–3.7 g/dL
(22–37 g/L)
2.5–3.8 g/dL
(25–38 g/L)
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
20–150 U/L 10–90 U/L 50–170 U/L 23–135 U/L
Amylase (AMY)
200–1200 U/L* 300–1100 U/L* 5–15 (U/L) N/A
Aspartate aminotransferase
(AST)
14–45 U/L 12–43 U/L 175–340 U/L 66–211 U/L
Bile Acids (BA)
Fasting: 1–4 Pmol/L (1–
4 Pmol/L).
2 Hrs Postprandial:
2–15 Pmol/L (2–15
Pmol/L).
Cutoff: 25 Pmol/L
(25 Pmol/L)**.
Fasting: 1–3 Pmol/L
(1–3 Pmol/L).
2 Hrs Postprandial:
7–9 Pmol/L (7–9
Pmol/L).
Cutoff: 25 Pmol/L
(25 Pmol/L)**.
Fasting: NA.
Postprandial: NA.
Cutoff: 25 Pmol/L
(25 Pmol/L)**.
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
7–25 mg/dL*
(2.5–8.9 mmol urea/L)
10–30 mg/dL
(3.6–10.7 mmol urea/L)
7–25 U/L
(2.5–8.9 mmol urea/L)
6–20 mg/dL
(2.14–7.14 mmol urea/L)
Calcium (Ca)
8.6–11.8 mg/dL*
(2.15–2.95 mmol/L)
8.0–11.8 mg/dL*
(2.00–2.95 mmol/L)
11.5–14.2 mg/dL
(2.8–3.55 mmol/L)
7.9–9.6 mg/dL
(1.97–2.39 mmol/L)
Chloride (Cl-)
106–120 mmol /L 112–126 mmol /L*** 92–104 mmol /L N/A
Cholesterol (CHOL)
125–270 mg/dL
(3.2–7.0 mmol/L)
90–205 mg/dL
(2.3–5.3 mmol/L)
50–140 mg/dL
(1.3–3.6 mmol/L)
N/A
Creatine Kinase (CK)
20–200 U/L 50–450 U/L 120–470 U/L 83–688 U/L
Creatinine (CRE)
0.3–1.4 mg/dL
†
(27–124 Pmol/L)
0.3–2.1 mg/dL*
(27–186 Pmol/L)
0.6–2.2 mg/dL
(35–150 Pmol/L)
N/A
GGT
0–7.0 U/L 0–2.0 U/L 5–24 U/L 12–48 U/L
Globulin (GLOB)
††
2.3–5.2 g/dL
(23–52 g/L)
1.5–5.7 g/dL
(15–57 g/L)
2.7–5.0 g/dL
(27–50 g/L)
4.0–5.5 g/dL
(40–55 g/L)
Glucose (GLU)
60–110 mg/dL
(3.3–6.1 mmol/L)
70–150 mg/dL
(3.9–8.3 mmol/L)
65–110 mg/dL
(3.6–6.1 mmol/L)
N/A
Magnesium (Mg)
1.8–2.4 mg/dl
(0.74–0.99 mmol/L)
2.0–2.5 mg/dL
(0.82–1.03 mmol/L)
1.7–2.9 mg/dL
(0.70–1.19 mmol/L)
1.7–2.9 mg/dL
(0.70–1.19 mmol/L)
Phosphorus (PHOS)
2.9–6.6 mg/dL
(0.94–2.13 mmol/L)
3.4–8.5 mg/dL
(1.10–2.74 mmol/L)
1.9–4.3 mg/dL
(0.61–1.39 mmol/L)
4.1–9.2 mg/dL
(1.32–2.97 mmol/L)
Potassium (K+)
3.7–5.8 mmol/L 3.7–5.8 mmol/L 2.5–5.2 mmol/L N/A
Sodium (Na+)
138–160 mmol/L 142–164 mmol/L 126–146 mmol/L N/A
Thyroxine (T
4
)
1.1–4.0 g/dL
(14–52 nmol/L)
1.5–4.8 Pg/dL
(19–62 nmol/L)
1.0–2.8 g/dL
(13–36 nmol/L)
N/A
Total Bilirubin (TBIL)
0.1–0.6 mg/dL
(2–10 Pmol/L)
0.1–0.6 mg/dL
(2–10 Pmol/L)
0.5–2.3 mg/dL
(8.6–39.3 Pmol/L)
N/A
Total Carb on Dioxide (tCO
2
)
12–27 mmol/L 15–24 mmol/L 20–33 mmol/L N/A
Total Protein (TP)
5.4–8.2 g/dL*
(54–82 g/L)
5.4–8.2 g/dL*
(54–82 g/L)
5.7–8.0 g/dL
(57–80 g/L)
6.6–9.3 g/dL
(66–93 g/L)
Uric Acid (UA)
1.0–9.0 mg/dL
(60–536 Pmol/L)
1.0–9.0 mg/dL
(60–536 Pmol/L)
1.0–9.0 mg/dL
(60–536 Pmol/L)
N/A
10. Jacobs, DS, BL Kasten, Jr., WR De Mott, and WL Wolfson. 1990. Laboratory Test Handbook, 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins;
pp. 302–303.