1.8.9 Pliers…………………………………………………………………………………… 17
1.8.10 Snap Ring Pliers……………………………………………………………………… 18
1.8.11 Hammers ……………………………………………………………………………… 19
1.9 PRECISION MEASURING TOOLS …………………………………………………… 19
1.9.1 Dial Indicator ………………………………………………………………………… 19
1.9.2 Insulation Tester………………………………………………………………………… 19
1.9.3 Multimeter…………………………………………………………………………… 20
1.9.4 Ohmmeter (analog) Calibration……………………………………………………… 20
1.9.5 Clip-on Ammeter…………………….……………………………………………………21
1.10 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FUNDAMENTALS………………………………………… 22
1.10.1 Voltage ………………………………………………………………………………… 22
1.10.2 Resistance…………………………………………………………………………… 22
1.10.3 Amperage……………………………………………………………………………… 22
1.11 BASIC SERVICE METHODS………………………………………………………… 23
1.11.1 Removing Frozen Fasteners………………………………………………………… 24
1.11.2 Removing Broken Fasteners ………………………………………………………… 24
1.11.3 Repairing Damaged Threads ……………………………………………………… 25
1.11.4 Stud Removal/Installation …………………………………………………………… 25
1.11.5 Removing Hoses …………………………………………………………………… 26
1.11.6 Bearings………………………………………………………………………………… 26
1.11.7 Removal………………………………………………………………………………… 26
1.11.8 Installation……………………………………………………………………………… 27
1.11.9 Interference Fit ………………………………………………………………………… 28
1.11.10 Seal Replacement…………………………………………………………………… 29
1.12 BASIC DRIVING AND OPERATING METHODS…………………………………… 30
1.12.1 Proper Driving Methods………………….…………………………………...………30
1.12.2 Operation before Leaving the EV…………………………………………...……… 32
1.12.3 Motor Braking Function………………………………….……….….……………… 33
1.13 DAILY SAFE CHECKING...........................................….............................……… 34
1.13.1 Daily Safe Checking Items……….…............…………….....................………… 34
1.13.2 Performance Checking Items…...………………...………………......….……… 35
1.14 MAINTENCE AND ADJUSTMENT OF THE EV………….................................…36
1.14.1 Periodic Service Schedule…….……………......…….……………......….……….37
1.14.2 Periodic Lubrication Schedules ……….……….…………......…………......….… 38
1.14.3 Diagram of Regular Lubricant Points……………………………………………….38