NAT - Network Address Translation
The majority of NATs map multiple private hosts to one publicly exposed IP address. In a typical
configuration, a local network uses one of the designated "private" IP address subnets (RFC 1918). A
router on that network has a private address in that address space. The router is also connected to the
Internet with a "public" address assigned by an Internet service provider. As traffic passes from the
local network to the Internet, the source address in each packet is translated on the fly from a private
address to the public address. The router tracks basic data about each active connection (particularly
the destination address and port). When a reply returns to the router, it uses the connection tracking
data it stored during the outbound phase to determine the private address on the internal network to
which to forward the reply
Full-cone NAT, also known as one-to-one NAT
Once an internal address (iAddr:iPort) is mapped to an external address (eAddr:ePort), any
packets from iAddr:iPort will be sent through eAddr:ePort.
Any external host can send packets to iAddr:iPort by sending packets to eAddr:ePort
IGMP snooping - is the process of listening to Internet Group Management Protocol, maintains a
map of which links need which IP multicast streams.
IGMP snooping with proxy - reporting or report suppression actively filters IGMP packets in order
to reduce load on the multicast router. Packets join and leave heading upstream to the router are
filtered so that only the minimal quantity of information is sent.
Routing -- Default Gateway
Default gateway interface list can have multiple WAN interfaces served as system default gateways
but only one will be used according to the priority with the first being the highest and the last one the
lowest priority if the WAN interface is connected. Priority order can be changed by removing all and
adding them back in again.
(Default is the configured interface)
DNS Server Configuration
Select DNS Server Interface from available WAN interfaces OR enter static DNS server IP addresses
for the system. In ATM mode, if only a single PVC with IPoA or static IPoE protocol is configured,
Static DNS server IP addresses must be entered. DNS Server Interfaces can have multiple WAN
interfaces served as system DNS servers but only one will be used according to the priority with the
first being the highest and the last one the lowest priority if the WAN interface is connected. Priority
order can be changed by removing all and adding them back in again
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