System Overview
R&S
®
CMW500
73User Manual 1173.9463.02 ─ 06
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Signaling applications provide integrated receiver quality tests. The receiver quality
is assessed with an established network connection; the details are network-depend-
ent. The R&S CMW500 controls the DUT such that it can either loop back the received
data or send acknowledge (ACK) or not acknowledge (NACK) messages to indicate
whether it could successfully receive a data packet or frame.
The Bit Error Rate (BER) is defined as the percentage of bits that the DUT received in
error:
BER = <No. of Bits received in error> / <Total no. of bits> * 100 %
Similar definitions apply to the Packet Error Rate (PER), Frame Error Rate (FER) etc.,
refer to the relevant applications.
Receiver quality tests may be performed with channel-coded or uncoded signals ("raw
BER tests"). The R&S CMW500 provides loop tests and signaling tests for many network
standards.
3.2.9 Markers
Markers are tools for numerical readout of measured data in diagrams. A marker is dis-
played with a symbol on the trace. At the same time, the coordinates are displayed above
the diagram.
In many views, the R&S CMW500 provides a reference marker (R) and additional mark-
ers labeled (1) and (2):
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The reference marker (R) indicates the coordinates of a trace point and defines the
reference values for all relative markers.
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The markers (1) and (2) can be configured as absolute or relative markers. Absolute
markers indicate the coordinates of a trace point. Relative markers indicate the coor-
dinates relative to the position of the reference marker.
The "Trace Mode" defines whether all markers are always set to the same trace in the
view ("Collective" mode) or positioned individually ("Individual" mode).
The marker settings are accessed via the "Marker" softkey. No remote control for markers
is provided.
3.3 Signaling Applications
While a signaling application is active, the R&S CMW500 transmits a downlink (forward
link) signal to which the mobile station under test can synchronize in order to establish a
Signaling Applications
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