The following is a list of tests, and a description of what each one tests for.
Z Test
Description
Test Name
The Z Test provides a variety of different tests based on standard
deviation based tests. They make it possible to test whether or not
a sample accurately represents the population when the standard
deviation of a population (such as the entire population of a 
country) is known from previous tests.
1-Sample Z Test
2-Sample Z Test
1-Prop Z Test
2-Prop Z Test
t Test
Used instead of the Z Test when the population standard deviation
is unknown.
1-Sample t Test
2-Sample t Test
Linear Regression t Test
Tests a single sample mean against the known mean of the null
hypothesis when the population standard deviation is known.
The normal distribution is used for the 1-sample Z test.
Tests the difference between two means when the standard
deviations of the two populations are known.
The normal distribution is used for the 2-sample Z test.
Tests a single sample proportion against the known proportion of
the null hypothesis.
The normal distribution is used for the 1-Prop Z test.
Tests the difference between two sample proportions.
The normal distribution is used for the 2-prop Z test.
Tests a single sample mean against the known mean of the null
hypothesis when the population standard deviation is unknown.
The t distribution is used for the 1-sample t test.
Tests the difference between two means when the standard
deviations of the two populations are unknown.
The t distribution is used for the 2-sample t test.
Tests the linear relationship between the paired variables (x, y). The
method of least squares is used to determine a and b, which are the
coefficients of the regression formula y = a + bx. The p-value is the
probability of the sample regression slope (b) provided that the null
hypothesis is true,
β
= 0.
The t distribution is used for the linear regression t test.
χ
2
Test
Tests the independence of two categorical variables arranged in
matrix form. The
χ
2
test for independence compares the observed
matrix to the expected theoretical matrix.
The
χ
2
distribution is used for the
χ
2
test.
2-Sample F Test
Tests the ratio between sample variances of two independent
random samples.
The F distribution is used for the 2-sample F test.
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