Appendices
Glossary
D
D-3
characterization
The development of a table of calibration constants or correction factors for use in
correcting the output or reading of an instrument.
common mode noise
An undesired signal that exists between a device’s terminals and ground. Common mode
noise is at the same potential on both terminals of a device.
compliance voltage
The maximum voltage a constant-current source can supply.
control chart
A chart devised to monitor one or more processes in order to detect the excessive
deviation from a desired value of a component or process.
crest factor
The ratio of the peak voltage to the rms voltage of a waveform (with the dc component
removed).
current guard
A generator that drives the inner shield of a triaxial cable with a signal of the same
amplitude and phase as a Calibrator’s ac current output signal on the center conductor.
The current guard shields the Calibrator’s output signal from a capacitive leakage path to
ground.
dac (digital-to-analog converter)
A device or circuit that converts a digital waveform to an analog voltage.
dBm
Power level expressed as decibels above or below 1 mW.
derived units
Units in the SI system that are derived from base units. Volts, ohms, and watts are
derived from amperes and other base and derived units.
distortion
Undesired changes in the waveform of a signal. Harmonic distortio disturbs the original
relationship between a frequency and other frequencies naturally related to it.
Intermodulation distortion (imd) introduces new frequencies by the mixing of two or
more original frequencies. Other forms of distortion are phase distortion and transient
distortion.
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