6.15 Gas analyzer
Located inside the main unit, the gas analyzer
provides a DIR (dispersive infrared)
measurement of respiratory and anesthetic
gases, and paramagnetic measurement of
oxygen.
For sidestream monitoring of O
2
, CO
2
, N
2
O
and agents, connect the sampling line to the
sampling port located between the Y-piece
and the patient.
The gas analyzer continuously takes
sidestream gas samples from the breathing
circuit and directs these through a water trap
into an internal measurement chamber.
The partial pressure and the percentage
volume of CO
2
, N
2
O, O
2
and anesthetic agent
depend on the amount of water vapor in the
breathing gas. A partial H
2
O pressure of up to
11 cmH
2
O is automatically compensated for
by the analyzer. Higher H
2
O partial pressures
will further dilute the gas sample; at 30 cmH
2
O
the general error of all measured gases is -2%.
The respiratory gas monitoring system is
equipped with automatic barometric pressure
compensation.
The tidal volume in the system remains
unaffected by the sampling flow since all
sampled gas is continuously returned to the
breathing circuit.
If an external gas analyzer is used which does
not return it's sample flow into the breathing
circuit, the fresh gas flow and tidal volume
should be set to compensate for the lost
volume (Volume Control only).
All gas concentration readings are normally
referenced to dry gas conditions, ambient
room temperature and atmospheric pressure
(ATPD).
Accuracy cannot be guaranteed with a
respiratory rate > 60 bpm.
When operating the system at high altitudes,
i.e. low barometric pressures, gas monitoring
may not detect high Desflurane concentrations
accurately. The gas analyzer may incorrectly
identify secondary agents and present these
on the screen. The following false alarms may
be triggered:
• Agent mixture: MAC > 3
• Agent mixture
Agent delivery and internal safety systems are
not affected and will prevent any hazardous
overdose in case of system malfunction.
6.15.1 Change of anesthetic agent
During the anesthesia procedure, the change
of anesthetic agent will result in a temporary
mix of agents in the breathing system. Both
agents are measured and displayed on the
screen.
The agent with the highest concentration is
automatically identified as the primary agent.
FLOW-i 4.2, User's Manual
143
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