ENGINEERING MANUAL OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL
INDOOR AIR QUALITY FUNDAMENTALS
149
CONTENTS
Indoor Air Quality Fundamentals
ENGINEERING MANUAL OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL
Introduction ............................................................................................................ 151
Definitions ............................................................................................................ 151
Abbreviations ............................................................................................................ 153
Indoor Air Quality Concerns ............................................................................................................ 154
Air Contaminants ................................................................................. 154
Contaminant Sources ..................................................................... 154
Outdoor Contaminant Sources ................................................... 154
Indoor Contaminant Sources ...................................................... 155
General................................................................................... 155
Building Materials and Furnishings ........................................ 155
Occupancy and Process Related Contaminant Sources............ 156
Residential Occupancy........................................................... 156
Office Building Occupancy ..................................................... 156
Health Care Occupancy ......................................................... 157
Industrial Occupancy .............................................................. 157
Occupant Related Contaminant Sources ................................... 157
Contaminant Types ......................................................................... 157
Particulate Contaminants............................................................ 157
Gas and Vapor Contaminants ..................................................... 158
Radionuclide Contaminants........................................................ 158
Indoor Air Contaminant Indicators....................................................... 158
Human Responses to Contaminants .............................................. 158
Building Responses to Contaminants ............................................. 158
Design Considerations. ....................................................................... 158
General ........................................................................................... 158
Eliminating Contaminant Sources ................................................... 158
Eliminating Contaminant Paths ....................................................... 158
Remediating Contaminant Levels ................................................... 159
Particulate Contaminant Remediation ........................................ 159
Gas Contaminant Remediation................................................... 159
Effects of Temperature .................................................................... 159
Effects of Humidity...................................................................... 160
Design Procedures .............................................................................. 160
General ........................................................................................... 160
Ventilation Rate Design Procedure ................................................. 161
Indoor Air Quality Design Procedure .............................................. 161
Recirculation Requirements........................................................ 162
Ventilation Optimization .............................................................. 162
Codes and Standards.......................................................................... 162
Acceptance Testing ............................................................................. 163
General ........................................................................................... 163
ASHRAE Guideline 1-1989 ............................................................. 164