Chapter 10
10. Canine DEA 1 Blood Typing
The Canine DEA 1 Test Cartridge is used in conjunction with the Heska Element COAG
™
Analyzer for in vitro blood group determination testing. The Canine DEA 1 cartridge is
intended for use in performing a rapid blood group determination for Canine DEA 1 from
a drop of diluted EDTA-stabilized canine whole blood.
10.1. Canine Blood Typing
Figure 10.1: The Canine DEA 1 test kit.
While it is broadly true that dogs do
not possess alloantibodies to incompat-
ible blood groups and, thus, will gener-
ally tolerate well an initial incompatible
transfusion, sound practice of veterinary
medicine dictates that such transfusions
be avoided. The half life of the transfused
incompatible cells will be quite short and,
thus, the intended therapeutic result may
not even be attained. Also, the potential
future needs of the canine patient must
be considered. Antibodies resulting from
a transfusion of incompatible blood may
form in only 5 to 7 days and will have long-
term viability [
31
–
35
]. This eliminates the
option of using incompatible blood in a
future emergency situation.
In addition, antibodies developed in
bitches by sensitization resulting from
transfusion of incompatible blood groups must be of special concern to breeders. Since
antibodies are present in the colostrum, bitches with alloantibodies to a given blood type
should not be bred to a sire possessing that blood group if they are expected to nurse
the resulting puppies [
32
]. The nursing puppies will develop isoerythrolysis and may be
susceptible to disease or even die due to hemolytic anemia [32, 36–38].
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