88Figure 18.2 Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (1824–1887) .........................................................................................
89Figure 18.3 Max Planck (1858–1947) ...................................................................................................................
90
Figure 18.4 Blackbody spectral radiant emittance according to Planck’s law, plotted for various
absolute temperatures. 1: Spectral radiant emittance (W/cm
2
× 10
3
(μm)); 2:
Wavelength (μm) ................................................................................................................................
91Figure 18.5 Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928) .............................................................................................................
92
Figure 18.6 Planckian curves plotted on semi-log scales from 100 K to 1000 K. The dotted line
represents the locus of maximum radiant emittance at each temperature as
described by Wien's displacement law. 1: Spectral radiant emittance (W/cm
2
(μm));
2: Wavelength (μm). ..........................................................................................................................
93Figure 18.7 Josef Stefan (1835–1893), and Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906) ......................................
95
Figure 18.8
Spectral radiant emittance of three types of radiators. 1: Spectral radiant emittance;
2: Wavelength; 3: Blackbody; 4: Selective radiator; 5: Graybody. ....................................
95
Figure 18.9
Spectral emissivity of three types of radiators. 1: Spectral emissivity; 2: Wavelength;
3: Blackbody; 4: Graybody; 5: Selective radiator. ....................................................................
97
Figure 19.1
A schematic representation of the general thermographic measurement situation.1:
Surroundings; 2: Object; 3: Atmosphere; 4: Camera .............................................................
99Figure 19.2 Voltages ..................................................................................................................................................
101
Figure 19.3 Relative magnitudes of radiation sources under varying measurement conditions
(SW camera). 1: Object temperature; 2: Emittance; RED: Object radiation; BLUE:
Reflected radiation; GREEN: atmosphere radiation. Fixed parameters: τ = 0.88; T
refl
= 20 °C (+68 °F); T
atm
= 20 °C (+68 °F). .........................................................................................
101
Figure 19.4 Relative magnitudes of radiation sources under varying measurement conditions
(LW camera). 1: Object temperature; 2: Emittance; RED: Object radiation; BLUE:
Reflected radiation; GREEN: atmosphere radiation. Fixed parameters: τ = 0.88; T
refl
= 20 °C (+68 °F); T
atm
= 20 °C (+68 °F). .........................................................................................
102
Figure 20.1
T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2:
Specification; 3: Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6: Reference .............
Publ. No. 1 557 536 Rev. a35 – ENGLISH (EN) – January 20, 2004 ix
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