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15 - Graphical programming
Logical operators: and, or, exclusive or (a or b, but not
both) and not (inversion).
Comparison operators: a compared to
b. If the condition is met, the output
signal is 1, otherwise it is 0.
The four mathematical operators: a + b, a – b, a * b and a /
b.
Mathematical functions: sine, cosine, absolute value and
square root.
SIGN checks the sign of the input signal. If the input signal is less than 0, the
output signal is -1. If it is greater than 0, the output signal is 1. If the input signal
is precisely 0, the output signal is also 0. ROUND rounds the signal to the near-
est integer.
The MAX operator uses the greater of the two input signals as the output sig-
nal, whereas MIN uses the lesser of the two.
d/dt is a dierentiating operator. The output signal indicates how much the
input signal has changed since the previous second. The second operator is a
summation operator (discrete-time integration). Every second, the input signal
is added to the total, which is also the output signal. If the absolute amount of
the total is greater than the L input, summation ends. If the input signal r (reset)
is anything other than 0, the total is reset to 0.
The LIM operator sets a limit on a signal. The a-input sets the upper limit and
the b-input sets the lower limit. If the input signal remains between the limits,
it is used as the output signal, but if it exceeds the limit, the limit is used as the
output signal.
This is a switch. If the a input is 0, the output signal is equal to the b input. If the
a input is true (anything other than 0), the output signal is equal to the middle
input.
The output signal from this operator is equal to the input signal one second
earlier. The output signal is always 0 when the system starts.
15�11 List of operators
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