99
Agilent 34410A/11A/L4411A 6½ Digit Multimeter
User’s Guide
Agilent Technologies
4
Measurement Tutorial
The Agilent 34410A/11A/L4411A multimeter is capable of
making highly accurate measurements. In order to achieve the
greatest accuracy, you must take the necessary steps to
eliminate potential measurement errors. This chapter describes
common errors found in measurements and gives suggestions to
help you avoid these errors.
DC Measurement Considerations 101
Thermal EMF Errors 101
Loading Errors (dc volts) 101
Noise Rejection 102
Rejecting Power–Line Noise Voltages 102
Common Mode Rejection (CMR) 102
Noise Caused by Magnetic Loops 103
Noise Caused by Ground Loops 103
Resistance Measurement Considerations 104
4–Wire Ohms Measurements 104
Removing Test Lead Resistance Errors 105
Minimizing Power Dissipation Effects 105
Errors in High Resistance Measurements 105
True RMS AC Measurements 106
True RMS Accuracy and High–Frequency Signal Content 107
Estimating High–Frequency (Out–of–Band) Error 110
UG_ED5.book Page 99 Thursday, March 1, 2012 11:28 AM
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