Using the M4 TORNADO Software 
M4 TORNADO
 
73
 
Method  Description 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Direct element entry. Elements can be added to the 
identification list directly by using the dialog in the 
bottom line of the identification tool labelled New 
element. New elements can be specified by the 
international element symbols (‘Na’) or the atomic 
numbers (‘11’). By clicking into the dialog, arrow 
symbols will appear for stepping to the next – or 
previous - element of the range of chemical elements 
(Z-/Z+ Method). It is very instructive to observe the 
changing line markers with this alternative form of 
element selection. 
 
Finder. The Finder tab supports the identification of 
unknown peaks in the spectrum. Place the spectrum 
cursor into the centre of a peak or highlight the peak 
range by dragging the cursor with pressed right mouse 
key to display a list of all possible elements. The first 
element of this list is that one with the highest 
probability of being actually present in the sample. 
After clicking one of the element symbols in the finder 
list, this symbol will be highlighted and the 
corresponding element is added to the identification 
list. The complete list is indicated in the top line of the 
finder display. Clicking or double clicking individual 
element symbols performs the same action as in the 
other operating modes. New elements can be also 
added by direct entry in the finder mode. 
 
Overview list. Click Overview to display the current 
selection in form of an element list. The element 
symbol on the left-hand side of each line allows the 
same action as within the periodic table of elements. 
New elements can be added in overview mode only by 
direct entry (see above). The overview list displays and 
makes accessible additional settings for the individual 
elements. 
 
It is possible to define up to 8 free energy ranges (F1 to 
F8) by their start energy and width. They can be used 
for the calculation of intensity distribution images from 
HyperMaps (see section 6.8). 
 
Setting of the display options (only element symbols, 
with KLM-markers, with regions for intensity 
calculation).