Using the M4 TORNADO Software 
M4 TORNADO
 
113
 
 
Fig. 53  The Phases tab 
The clipboard at the bottom of the phase display contains the original image and, for each 
individual phase (P1 to Pn), a colored image showing the area it occupies. The list below the 
phase image displays for each individual phase (P1 to Pn) values for the occupied area (in pixels, 
µm
2
/mm
2
 or %) and the total number of counts for the ROI of every element chosen to be 
displayed in the clipboard under the Map result tab. 
The Phases tab offers the following functionalities: 
Table 40  Options of the Phases tab 
Object  Description  Hints 
 
Activates histogram method, 
enables PCA and auto binning 
 
Works directly on the element 
intensities (QMap: 
concentrations), optionally 
performs Principal Components 
Analysis (PCA) before binning, 
optionally creates bins 
automatically instead of fixed 
size 
 
Activates clustering method  Uses a cluster method for 
feature analysis to create phase 
image. 
 
Uses drawn objects 
Uses objects drawn with the   
tool in the map display to 
determine phases, optionally the 
objects drawn for the last 
analysis can be recycled.