Introduction
Printed in U.S.A. 15 50940411/G0219
Vibration Information
Compact construction equipment is generally used
in harsh environments. This type of usage can
expose an operator to uncomfortable levels of
vibration. It is useful to understand exposure to
vibration levels when operating compact equipment
and what can be done to reduce vibration exposure.
As a result, equipment operation can be more
efficient, productive and safe.
An operator’s exposure to vibration occurs in two
ways:
• Whole-Body Vibration (WBV)
• Hand-Arm Vibration (HAV)
WBV issues are primarily addressed in this manual,
because evaluations have shown that operation of
mobile compact construction equipment on work
sites typically results in HAV levels less than the
allowed exposure limit of 2.5 m/s2. Member States
of the European Union must comply with the
Physical Agents (vibration) Directive, 2002/44/EC.
Effective control of vibration exposure for an
operator involves more than just vibration levels on
the machine. The work site, how the machine is
used, and proper training all play important roles in
reducing vibration exposure.
Vibration exposure results from:
• Work site conditions.
• How the machine is operated.
• The machine characteristics.
Common causes of high WBV levels:
• Using a machine that is improper for the task.
• Work site with potholes, ruts and debris.
• Improper operating techniques, such as driv-
ing too fast.
• Incorrect adjustment of the seat and controls.
• Other physical activities while using the
machine.
Vibration Measurement and Actions
The vibration directive places the responsibility for
compliance on employers. Actions that should be
followed by employers include:
• Assess the levels of vibration exposure.
• Determine from this assessment if operators
will be exposed to vibration levels above the
limits stated in the directive.
• Take appropriate actions to reduce operator’s
exposure to vibration.
• Provide operators with information and train-
ing to reduce their exposure to vibration.
• Keep good records and update operations and
training on a regular basis.
If the assessment concludes that vibration level
exposure is too high, one or more of the following
actions may be necessary:
1. Train operators:
• Perform operations (accelerating, steering,
braking, etc.) in a smooth manner.
• Adjust the controls, mirrors and seat suspen-
sion for comfortable operation. Do not make
adjustments when the machine is in use.
• Travel across the smoothest parts of the work
site and avoid ruts and potholes.
2. Choose proper equipment for the job:
• Use machines with the proper power and
capacity.
• Select machines with good suspension seats.
• Look for controls that are easy to use.
• Ensure good visibility from the operator’s
position.
3. Maintain the work site:
• Smooth ruts and fill potholes in traffic areas
whenever possible.
• Clean up debris frequently.
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