single-mode.
Overview
Optical fiber
Optical fibers are widely used in fiber-optic communications, which are advantageous for long-distance
communications.
Optical fibers can be classified into the following types:
• Single mode fiber: It has a core size of 10 μm, and has a lower modal dispersion. It carries only a
single ray of light. It is mostly used for communication over longer distances.
• Multi-mode fiber: It has a core size of 50 μm or 62.5 μm or higher, and has a higher modal
dispersion than single-mode optical fiber. It is mostly used for communication over shorter
distances.
Table 81 Allowed maximum tensile force and crush load
Period of force Tensile load (N) Crush load (N/mm)
Short period 150 500
Long term 80 100
Optical fiber cable
An optical fiber cable is a cable containing one or more optical fibers. The optical fiber elements are
typically individually coated with plastic layers and contained in a protective tube. Optical fiber cables
fall into single-mode and multi-mode.
Patch cord
A fiber that has connectors at both ends is called a patch cord. A patch cord connects one optical device
to another for signal routing. Patch cords fall into single-mode and multi-mode patch cords.
• Single-mode patch cord: The jacket is yellow. It permits transmission over longer distances.
• Multi-mode patch cord: The jacket is orange. It permits transmission over shorter distances.
Patch cords are classified into SC, LC, and FC patch cords based on interface type. The length of a patch
cord can be 0.5 m (1.64 ft), 1 m (3.28 ft), 2 m (6.56 ft), 3 m (9.84 ft), 5 m (16.40 ft), and 10 m (32.81
ft).
Pigtail cord
A pigtail cord is an optical fiber that has an optical connector on one end and a length of exposed fiber
on the other. The end of the pigtail is fusion spliced to a fiber, connecting the fiber cable and transceiver.
Pigtail cords fall into single-mode (yellow) and multi-mode (orange), and can also be classified into SC,
LC, and FC pigtail cords based on interface type.
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