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Waters 2475 User Manual

Waters 2475
228 pages
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2475 Multi λ
Fluorescence Detector
Operators Guide
71500247502/Revision F
Copyright © Waters Corporation 2010
All rights reserved

Table of Contents

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Waters 2475 Specifications

General IconGeneral
BrandWaters
Model2475
CategorySecurity Sensors
LanguageEnglish

Summary

Contacting Waters

Waters contact information

Details on how to contact Waters via different mediums like internet, telephone, and mail.

Safety considerations

Safety advisories

Consult appendix for warning and caution advisories related to instrument operation.

Operating this instrument

Applicable symbols

Explains symbols used in the manual and on the instrument.

Audience and purpose

Identifies intended users and the guide's purpose for the fluorescence detector.

Intended use of the instrument

Describes the detector's intended application in HPLC.

Calibrating

Describes the process for calibrating the detector.

Quality-control

Outlines procedures for quality control checks of the detector.

ISM classification

Explains the ISM classification assigned to the detector.

EC authorized representative

1 Theory of Operation

Fluorescence theory

Explains the principles of fluorescence and its detection.

Fluorescence detection

Details how the detector performs fluorescence detection.

Measuring fluorescence

Discusses methods for measuring fluorescence and related concepts.

Detector description

Describes the physical components and design of the detector.

Principles of operation

Explains the optical and electronic design principles of the detector.

Operational modes

Details the different modes the detector can operate in.

Spectrum scanning

Explains how to perform spectrum scans with the detector.

Lamp energy and performance

Discusses factors affecting lamp energy and detector performance.

Auto-optimize gain

Describes the process for automatically optimizing PMT gain.

Startup diagnostic tests

Lists the diagnostic tests performed upon detector startup.

Mobile-phase solvent degassing

Explains the importance and methods of degassing mobile phases.

Wavelength selection

Guides the user on selecting appropriate excitation and emission wavelengths.

2 Setting Up the Detector

Before you begin

Provides essential information and checks before installing the detector.

Installing the detector

Details the physical installation process for the detector.

Plumbing the detector

Describes how to connect tubing for the detector's fluid path.

Making signal connections

Explains how to connect various signal cables to the detector.

Connecting other devices

Guides on connecting various external devices to the detector.

Connecting to the electricity source

Details how to connect the detector to a power source.

3 Using the Detector

Starting the detector

Step-by-step instructions for powering on and initializing the detector.

Using the operator interface

Explains how to navigate and use the detector's control interface.

Preparing to start a run

Outlines the steps required before initiating a measurement run.

Operating the detector

Covers the various operating modes and control methods for the detector.

Shutting down the detector

Provides procedures for safely powering off and shutting down the detector.

4 Maintenance Procedures

Contacting Waters technical service

Information on how to contact technical support for assistance.

Maintenance considerations

General safety and handling advice for maintenance tasks.

Routine maintenance

Describes regular tasks to ensure optimal detector performance.

Inspecting, cleaning, and replacing the flow cell

Procedures for maintaining the detector's flow cell.

Replacing the lamp

Detailed instructions for replacing the detector's xenon lamp.

Replacing the fuses

Steps for replacing the detector's internal fuses.

Cleaning the instruments exterior

Instructions for cleaning the external surfaces of the detector.

5 Error Messages, Diagnostic Tests, and Troubleshooting

Startup error messages

Lists and explains errors occurring during detector startup.

Operational error messages

Details errors that may occur during detector operation.

User-selected diagnostic tests and settings

Explains user-run diagnostics and system settings for troubleshooting.

A Safety Advisories

Warning symbols

Explains various warning symbols and their meanings.

Caution symbol

Describes the caution symbol and its implications for instrument use.

Warnings that apply to all Waters instruments

Lists general warnings applicable across all Waters instruments.

Electrical and handling symbols

Illustrates electrical and handling symbols found on instruments.

B Specifications

Physical specifications

Details the physical dimensions and weight of the detector.

Environmental specifications

Lists operating and storage environmental conditions for the detector.

Electrical specifications

Outlines the electrical characteristics and ratings of the detector.

Performance specifications

Details key performance metrics like wavelength range and sensitivity.

Optical Component Specifications

Lists specifications for the detector's optical components.

C Solvent Considerations

Introduction

Introduces general considerations for using solvents in chromatography.

Solvent miscibility

Provides data and guidelines on solvent miscibility for method development.

Buffered solvents

Discusses considerations for using buffered mobile phases.

Head height

Advises on the proper positioning of solvent reservoirs.

Solvent viscosity

Explains the impact of solvent viscosity on gradient chromatography.

Mobile phase solvent degassing

Details the importance and methods of degassing mobile phases.

Wavelength selection

Guides on selecting wavelengths considering solvent UV cutoffs.

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