Appendix C
A-67
4.4.3 Z METHOD
The signal transmitted in a Z method installation has less attenuation than a signal
transmitted in a V method installation. This is because the Z method utilizes a directly
transmitted (rather than reflected) signal which transverses the liquid only once. The
Z method (Figure 4-6) is used primarily in applications where the V method cannot work
due to signal attenuation from excessive air or solids in the liquid, thick scale, poorly
bonded linings, or very large pipes. In addition, the Z method generally works better on
larger diameter pipes, where less pipe length is required for mounting.
Figure 4-6 Mounting the Transducers with the Z Method
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