38 Chapter 4 Using Windows online diagnostic tools
The tracert command
This utility determines the route taken to a destination.
How tracert works
The tracert utility follows several steps to complete its task:
•
Tracert sends Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo packets
with varying Time-To-Live (TTL) values to the destination.
•
Each router along the path must decrement the TTL on a packet by at
least one before forwarding it, so the TTL is effectively a hop count.
•
When the TTL on a packet reaches zero, the router sends back an ICMP
Time Exceeded message to the source system.
•
Tracert determines the route by sending the first echo packet with a
TTL of one, and incrementing the TTL by one on each subsequent
transmission until the target responds, or the maximum TTL is reached.
•
Tracert then examines the ICMP Time Exceeded messages sent back
by inter mediate routers.
Tracert syntax
The tracert command uses the following syntax:
tracert [-d] [-h maximum_hops] [-j host_list]
[-w timeout] target_name
Tracert parameters
Parameter Description
-d Specifies not to resolve addresses to hostnames.
-h maximum_hops Specifies the maximum number of hops to search for
the target.
-j host-list Specifies a loose source route along the host list.
-w timeout Waits the number of milliseconds specified by the
time-out for each reply.
target_name
Shows the name of the target host.
To run the tracert command from Windows
Step Action
1
Click Start → Programs → Accessories → Command Prompt.
Result: The Command Prompt window appears.
2
At the Command prompt, type the following command:
Nortel CallPilot
703t Server Maintenance and Diagnostics
NN44200-702 01.03 Standard
5.0 3 April 2007
Copyright © 2007, Nortel Networks Nortel Networks Confidential
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