Cisco Catalyst 2950

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Catalyst 2950 Desktop Switch Software Configuration Guide

78-11380-03

Chapter 1 Overview

Network Configuration Examples

Figure 1-4 Large Campus Configuration

Catalyst

6500 switch

Cisco access

gateway

Servers

Cisco

CallManager

Cisco 7200

or 7500 router

WAN

IP telephony

network or

PSTN

IP IP IP

60995

Catalyst

3524-PWR XL

GigaStack cluster

1 Gbps

(2 Gbps

full duplex)

Cisco IP Phones

Workstations running

Cisco SoftPhone software

Catalyst 2950, 2900 XL,

3500 XL, and 3550

GigaStack cluster

Main Page

Default Chapter3
- Table of Contents3
Link4
- Port Priority14
Preface17
Audience17
Purpose17
- Organization18
- Conventions19
- Related Publications20
- Obtaining Documentation20
- Obtaining Technical Assistance21
  - Cisco.com22
  - Technical Assistance Center22
    - Cisco TAC Web Site22
    - Cisco TAC Escalation Center23
Chapter 1 Overview25
- Features25
- Overview26
- Port Fast28
- Management Options30
  - Management Interface Options30
  - Advantages of Using CMS and Clustering Switches31
- Network Configuration Examples32
Getting Started with CMS40
- Features40
- Front Panel View40
- Topology View48
- Menus and Toolbar53
- Interaction Modes63
  - Guide Mode63
  - Expert Mode63
- Wizards64
- Tool Tips64
- Online Help65
- CMS Window Components66
- Accessing CMS68
  - Access Modes in CMS69
- Verifying Your Changes70
  - Change Notification70
  - Error Checking70
- Saving Your Changes70
- Using Different Versions of CMS71
- Where to Go Next71
CHAPTER 3 Using the Command-Line Interface73
- IOS Command Modes73
  - List of73
IOS Command Modes74
- C H a P T E R 3 Using the Command-Line Interface74
Getting Help75
Abbreviating Commands75
Using no and Default Forms of Commands76
Understanding CLI Messages76
Using Command History77
- Changing the Command History Buffer Size77
- Recalling Commands77
- Disabling the Command History Feature77
Using Editing Features78
- Enabling and Disabling Editing Features78
- Editing Commands through Keystrokes78
- Editing Command Lines that Wrap79
Searching and Filtering Output of Show and more Commands80
Accessing the CLI81
- Accessing the CLI from a Browser81
- Saving Configuration Changes82
- Where to Go Next82
Chapter 4 General Switch Administration83
- Basic IP Connectivity to the Switch83
- Switch Software Releases84
- Console Port Access84
- Telnet Access to the CLI84
- HTTP Access to CMS85
- SNMP Network Management Platforms86
- Default Settings88
  - Switch Port Analyzer92
Chapter 5 Clustering Switches95
- Switch Clusters95
- Understanding Switch Clusters96
- Command Switch Characteristics96
  - Standby Command Switch Characteristics97
  - Candidate and Member Switches Characteristics97
- Planning a Switch Cluster98
  - Automatic Discovery of Cluster Candidates and Members98
HSRP and Standby Command Switches104
- Automatic Recovery of Cluster Configuration105
- Virtual IP Addresses105
- Considerations for Cluster Standby Groups106
IP Addresses107
Host Names108
Passwords108
SNMP Community Strings108
Tacacs109
Access Modes in CMS109
Management VLAN109
Availability of Switch-Specific Features in Switch Clusters110
- Creating a Switch Cluster110
- LRE Profiles110
- Using the CLI to Manage Switch Clusters117
  - Catalyst 1900 and Catalyst 2820 CLI Considerations117
- Using SNMP to Manage Switch Clusters118
Chapter 6 Configuring the System119
- Changing IP Information119
  - Manually Assigning and Removing Switch IP Information120
  - Using DHCP-Based Autoconfiguration120
- Changing the Password128
- Setting the System Date and Time129
  - Configuring Daylight Saving Time129
  - Configuring the Network Time Protocol129
- Configuring SNMP130
- Configuring CDP131
  - Configuring CDP for Extended Discovery132
- Managing the ARP Table132
- Managing the MAC Address Tables133
- Configuring TACACS138
- Controlling Switch Access with RADIUS142
Identifying the RADIUS Server Host145
Configuring RADIUS Login Authentication147
Defining AAA Server Groups149
Configuring RADIUS Authorization for Privileged EXEC Access and Network Services151
Starting RADIUS Accounting152
Configuring Settings for All RADIUS Servers153
Configuring the Switch to Use Vendor-Specific RADIUS Attributes153
Configuring the Switch for Vendor-Proprietary RADIUS Server Communication154
- Displaying the RADIUS Configuration155
Chapter 7 Configuring 802.1X Port-Based Authentication158
Understanding 802.1X Port-Based Authentication158
Device Roles158
Authentication Initiation and Message Exchange159
Ports in Authorized and Unauthorized States160
Supported Topologies161
- Configuring 802.1X Authentication162
  - Default 802.1X Configuration162
802.1X Configuration Guidelines163
Enabling 802.1X Authentication164
Configuring the Switch-To-RADIUS-Server Communication165
Enabling Periodic Re-Authentication166
Manually Re-Authenticating a Client Connected to a Port167
Changing the Quiet Period167
Changing the Switch-To-Client Retransmission Time168
Setting the Switch-To-Client Frame-Retransmission Number169
- Displaying 802.1X Statistics and Status170
Enabling Multiple Hosts169
Resetting the 802.1X Configuration to the Default Values170
Chapter 8 Configuring Vlans171
- Overview171
- Management Vlans173
  - Changing the Management VLAN for a New Switch173
  - Changing the Management VLAN through a Telnet Connection174
- Assigning VLAN Port Membership Modes174
  - VLAN Membership Combinations176
Table176
- Assigning Static-Access Ports to a VLAN177
- Using VTP177
  - The VTP Domain177
  - VTP Modes and Mode Transitions177
- VTP Advertisements178
- VTP Pruning179
- VTP Version 2179
- VTP Configuration Guidelines180
- Configuring VTP182
- Monitoring VTP185
- Vlans in the VTP Database185
- How VLAN Trunks Work190
- Load Sharing Using STP194
- How the VMPS Works198
Understanding Basic STP Features207
MAC Address Allocation207
- Configuring STP208
  - Understanding Basic STP Features208
    - Supported STP Instances208
STP Overview208
Chapter 9 Configuring STP209
- Election of the Root Switch209
Bridge Protocol Data Units209
STP Timers210
Creating the STP Topology210
STP Interface States211
- Blocking State212
- Listening State213
- Learning State213
- Forwarding State213
- Disabled State213
- MAC Address Allocation214
STP Address Management214
STP and IEEE 802.1Q Trunks214
- STP and Redundant Connectivity214
STP and Redundant Connectivity215
- Understanding BPDU Guard216
- Understanding Port Fast216
- Understanding Uplinkfast217
- Understanding Cross-Stack Uplinkfast218
  - How CSUF Works219
  - Events that Cause Fast Convergence220
- Connecting the Stack Ports221
- Limitations221
- Gigastack222
- Understanding Backbonefast223
- Understanding Root Guard225
- Configuring Basic STP Features226
  - Default STP Configuration226
Accelerated Aging to Retain Connectivity215
- Understanding Advanced STP Features215
Disabling STP227
Configuring the Root Switch227
Configuring a Secondary Root Switch229
Configuring STP Port Priority230
Configuring STP Path Cost231
Configuring the Switch Priority of a VLAN232
Configuring the Hello Time233
Configuring the Forwarding-Delay Time for a VLAN233
Configuring the Maximum-Aging Time for a VLAN234
Configuring STP for Use in a Cascaded Cluster234
Displaying STP Status235
- Configuring Advanced STP Features236
Chapter 10 Configuring the Switch Ports241
- Changing the Port Speed and Duplex Mode241
- Configuring Flooding Controls244
  - Enabling Storm Control244
  - Disabling Storm Control245
- Configuring Protected Ports245
- Enabling Port Security246
- Understanding the Etherchannel248
- Displaying Etherchannel and Pagp Status257
- Configuring Unidirectional Link Detection258
- Understanding SPAN258
  - SPAN Concepts and Terminology259
  - SPAN Interaction with Other Features261
- Configuring SPAN262
Chapter 11 Configuring IGMP Snooping and MVR267
- Understanding and Configuring IGMP Snooping267
- Understanding Multicast VLAN Registration273
Chapter 12 Configuring Network Security with Acls283
- Understanding Acls283
Acls284
- Handling Fragmented and Unfragmented Traffic285
- Understanding Access Control Parameters286
- Guidelines for Configuring Acls on the Catalyst 2950 Switches287
- Configuring Acls288
Chapter 13 Configuring Qo306
- Understanding Qos306
- Configuring Qos313
- Displaying Qos Information329
- Qos Configuration Examples329
  - Qos Configuration for the Common Wiring Closet330
  - Qos Configuration for the Intelligent Wiring Closet331
Configuring Qos306
Chapter 14 Troubleshooting333
- Avoiding Configuration Conflicts333
- Avoiding Autonegotiation Mismatches334
- Troubleshooting CMS Sessions335
- Copying Configuration Files to Troubleshoot Configuration Problems336
- Recovery Procedures337
Appendix345
Error Messages for Security and Qos Configurations346
Appendix349
System Messages349
- How to Read System Messages349
- How to Read350
- System Messages350
- Message Severity Levels350
- Error Message Traceback Reports351
- Error Messages and Recovery Procedures351
I N D E X355

Cisco Catalyst 2950 - Page 38

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