Spectra-Physics Tsunami - Abbreviations Used in Manual

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xix

Abbreviations

The following is a list of abbreviations used in this manual:

ac alternating current

AOM acousto-optic modulator

APM active pulse mode locking

AR antireflection

bi-fi birefringent filter

CDRH Center of Devices and Radiological Health

CPM colliding pulse mode locking

CW continous wave

dc direct current

E/O electro-optic

femtosecond or 10

-15

second

GTI Gires-Toutnois Interferometer

GVD group velocity dispersion

HR high reflector

IR infrared

LTC

Lok-to-Clock

OC output coupler

picosecond or 10

-12

second

PZT piezo-elecric transducer

RF radio frequency

SCFH standard cubic feet per hour

SPM self phase modulation

TEM transverse electromagnetic mode

Ti:sapphire Titanium-doped Sapphire

UV ultraviolet

λ wavelength

Main Page

Preface3
Environmental Specifications5
- CE Electrical Equipment Requirements5
- FCC Regulations5
- Table of Contents7
Table of Contents9
Warning Conventions15
Standard Units17
Abbreviations19
Unpacking and Inspection21
Chapter 1: Introduction23
- The Tsunami System23
- Figure 1-1: the Tsunami Laser System (Chiller Not Shown)23
- System Configurations24
  - Conversions24
  - Upgradeability25
- Patents25
Chapter 2: Laser Safety27
- Precautions for the Safe Operation of27
  - Class IV-High Power Lasers27
  - Figure 2-2: Folded Metal Beam Target28
- Interlocks29
- Figure 2-3: Laser Head Shutter Interlock29
- Maintenance Required to Keep this Laser Product in Compliance with Center for Devices and Radio Logical Health (CDRH) Regulations30
- CD/CDRH Radiation Control Drawing31
- Figure 2-4: Tsunami Radiation Control Drawing (Refer to Labels on Next Page)31
- CE/CDRH Warning Labels32
- CE Declaration of Conformity34
- Sources for Additional Information36
  - Laser Safety Standards36
  - Equipment and Training37
Chapter 3: Laser Description39
- General Overview39
- Ti:sapphire Laser Theory40
- Figure 3-1: Absorption and Emission Spectra of Ti:sapphire40
- Pumping Optimization41
- Tsunami Laser Description42
  - Pump Laser42
  - The Folded Cavity42
  - Figure 3-3: Beam Path for Tsunami Models 3960 and 3941 Femtosecond Configurations42
- A/O Modulator (AOM)43
- Wavelength Tuning Characteristics43
- Figure 3-4: Beam Path for Tsunami Model 3950 Picosecond Configuration43
- Figure 3-5: Tsunami Femtosecond Tuning Curves for Broadband Optics When Pumped by the Various Millennia Diode-Pumped Cw Lasers Shown44
- Figure 3-6: Tsunami Picosecond Tuning Curves for Broadband Optics When Pumped by the Various Millennia Diode-Pumped CW Lasers Shown45
- Figure 3-7: Tsunami Femtosecond Tuning Curves for the Optics Sets Shown When Pumped by a 10 W Millennia Xs Diode-Pumped CW Laser45
- Figure 3-8: Tsunami Femtosecond Tuning Curves for the Optics Sets Shown When Pumped by a 5 W Millennia Vs Diode-Pumped CW Laser46
- Figure 3-9: Tsunami Picosecond Tuning Curves for the Optics Sets Shown When Pumped by a 10 W Millennia Xs Diode-Pumped CW Laser46
- Wavelength Selection47
- Figure 3-10: Tsunami Picosecond Tuning Curves for the Optics Sets Shown When Pumped by a 5 W Millennia Vs Diode-Pumped CW Laser47
- Pulse Width Selection48
- Purging the Tsunami48
- Figure 3-11: Transmittance Vs. Wavelength for Oxygen and Water Vapor49
- Specifications50
- Table 3-1: Tsunami Femtosecond Broadband Performance When Pumped by a Millennia Laser50
- Table 3-2: Tsunami Picosecond Broadband Performance When Pumped by a Millennia Laser51
- Table 3-3: Tsunami Femtosecond Performance When Pumped by a Millennia Laser52
- Table 3-4: Tsunami Picosecond Performance When Pumped by a Millennia Laser53
- Table 3-5: Electrical, Mechanical and Physical Specifications54
- Table 3-6: Environmental Specifications54
- Table 3-7: Lok-To-Clock Tsunami Specifications55
- Outline Dimensions for Models 3941, 3950 and 396056
- Figure 3-12: Outline Drawing56
Chapter 4: Controls, Indicators and Connections57
- Introduction57
- Laser Head Controls57
- Figure 4-1: Tsunami External Laser Head Controls. Not All Controls Are Present on some Models57
- Input Bezel Connections58
- Model 3955 Electronics Module Controls64
- Model 3910 Purge Unit Controls67
- Figure 4-9: Model 3910 Regulator/Filter Purge Unit67
Chapter 5: Installation69
- Laser Installation69
Chapter 6 Alignment79
- Equipment Required80
- Front-End Alignment80
- Figure 6-1: Tsunami Fs Configuration81
- Figure 6-2: Tsunami Ps Configuration81
- Table 6-1: Pump Power Requirements82
- Cavity Alignment for a FS System85
- Cavity Alignment for a PS System92
- Selecting, Installing and Aligning the Birefringent Filter98
- Figure 6-15: the Birefringent Filter98
- Table 6-3: Bi-Fi Alignment for Picosecond Operation99
- Aligning the Photodiode PC Board100
- Figure 6-16: Photodiode PC Board100
- Test for Proper Modelocking101
- Table 6-4: Photodiode Part Numbers101
- Converting between Non-Overlapping Optics Sets103
- Converting between Overlapping Optics Sets111
- Converting between Fs and Ps Configurations112
- Coarse Phase Adjustment and Changing the RF and Photodiode Cables118
Chapter 7: Operation121
- System Start-Up121
- Figure 7-1: Transmittance Vs. Wavelength for Oxygen and Water Vapor122
- Optimizing Laser Output123
- Figure 7-2: Tsunami External Laser Head Controls123
- Modelocking the Laser124
- Selecting Wavelength, Fs Configuration (Using the Slit)125
- Selecting Wavelength, Ps Configuration (Using the Birefringent Filter)126
- Operating in the Broad Fs Regime (150 Fs - 1 Ps)127
  - Tsunami System Verification127
  - Conversion for Broad Femtosecond Operation127
- Operating in the Broad Picosecond Regime128
- Operating with the Ultrashort Pulse Option (USP)130
- Operating in the Sub-35 Fs Regime130
  - Troubleshooting in the Sub-35 Fs Regime133
- Operating with Lok-To-Clock134
- System Shut-Down135
Chapter 8: Lok-To-Clock Electronics137
- Functional Overview137
- Figure 8-1: the Lok-To-Clock Phase-Locked Loop137
- System Controls138
- Installing the Model 3930143
- Operation Notes144
  - Start-Up145
  - Shut down145
- Typical Set-Ups145
- Operating a Model 3941D/3950D/3960D Without the Model 3930150
- Lok-To-Clock Computer Interface152
- Differences between the Lok-To-Clock Implementation and the SCPI Standard157
Chapter 9: Maintenance159
- Notes on the Cleaning of Laser Optics159
  - Equipment Required160
  - Standard Cleaning Procedures160
- General Procedures for Cleaning Optics161
- Figure 9-1: Drop and Drag Method162
- Figure 9-2: Lens Tissue Folded for Cleaning162
- Removing and Cleaning Tsunami Optics163
Chapter 10: Options and Accessories173
- Options173
  - Ultrashort (< 50 Fs) Pulse Option173
  - Ultrashort (< 35 Fs) Pulse Option173
  - Broad Femtosecond Pulse Option173
  - Broad Picosecond Pulse Option173
  - 76 Mhz Option173
  - Lok-To-Clock ® System174
- Accessories174
  - Model 409-08 Scanning Autocorrelator174
  - Model 3980 Frequency Doubler/Pulse Selector174
  - Model 3931174
  - GWU Harmonic Generator System174
  - Opal ® System174
  - Gwu-Opo-Ps175
  - Regenerative Amplifier Systems175
- Accessory and Conversion Optics Sets176
- Table 10-1: Standard Fs Tsunami Mirrors-Millennia Xs Pump Laser176
- Table 10-2: Standard Fs Tsunami Mirrors-Millennia Vs Pump Laser176
- Table 10-3: Standard Ps Tsunami Mirrors-Millennia Xs Pump Laser176
- Table 10-4: Standard Ps Tsunami Mirrors-Millennia Vs Pump Laser176
- Table 10-5: Broadband Fs Tsunami Mirrors-Millennia Xs Pump Laser177
- Table 10-6: Broadband Fs Tsunami Mirrors-Millennia Viiis Pump Laser177
- Table 10-7: Broadband Fs Tsunami Mirrors-Millennia Vs Pump Laser177
- Table 10-8: Broadband Ps Tsunami Mirrors-Millennia Xs Pump Laser177
- Table 10-9: Broadband Ps Tsunami Mirrors-Millennia Viiis Pump Laser177
- Table 10-10: Broadband Ps Tsunami Mirrors-Millennia Vs Pump Laser177
- Table 10-11: Fs Tsunami-Wavelength Conversion Sets178
- Table 10-12: Fs Tsunami-Wavelength Conversion Sets178
- Table 10-13: Ps Tsunami-Wavelength Conversion Sets179
- Table 10-14: Ps Tsunami-Wavelength Conversion Sets179
- Table 10-15: Fs to Ps Tsunami-Wavelength Conversion Sets180
- Table 10-16: Ps to Fs Tsunami-Wavelength Conversion Sets180
- Table 10-17: GTI and Bi-Fi for Broad Pulse Operation181
- Table 10-18: Photodiode PC Board181
Chapter 11 Service and Repair183
- Troubleshooting Guide183
- Generic Troubleshooting (Non-Lok-To-Clock Systems)184
- Troubleshooting LTC Systems190
- Table 11-1: Optics191
- Table 11-2: Hardware191
- Table 11-3: Model 3910 Purge Unit Filter Hardware191
Chapter 12 Customer Service193
- Warranty193
- Return of the Instrument for Repair194
- Service Centers195
Appendix A Modelocking197
- General197
- Modelocking Techniques198
- Figure A-1: Typical Output of a Mode-Locked Laser, Where L Is the Cavity Length and C Is the198
- Regenerative Modelocking in the Tsunami200
- Group Velocity Dispersion (GVD201
  - Nonlinear Effects202
- GVD Compensation203
  - And Produces a Pulse Which Has no Chirp204
Appendix B Pulse Width Measurement207
- Introduction207
- The Autocorrelation Technique207
  - Measurement of Ultrashort Pulses207
- Signal Interpretation210
- Table B-1 : Second-Order Autocorrelation Functions and Time-Bandwidth Products for210
  - GVD Compensation in Measurement of Ultrashort Pulses211
  - Calculating Pulse Broadening213
- Table B-3: Positive Dispersion Values @ 800 Nm213
- Table B-4: Negative Dispersion Values @ 800 Nm213
  - CW Breakthrough215
- Table B-5: Recommended Monochromator/CCD Components217
Appendix C: Setting the Line Voltage Switch219
Appendix D: Lok-To-Clock Labview Interface221
- Overview221
- Setup221
- Controls Description222
Appendix E Material Safety Data Sheets223
Notes231
Report Form for Problems and Solutions237

Spectra-Physics Tsunami - Abbreviations Used in Manual

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