Case 1121F - Biodiesel Fuel - Biodiesel Fuels

7-MAINTENANCE
Biodieselfuel-Biodieselfuels[60634146]
BiodieselusageinCASECONSTRUCTION
products
IntroductiontoFattyAcidMethylEster
(FAME)biodiesel
FAMEbiodiesel,calledbiodieselfuelinthefollowingsec-
tion,consistsofafamilyoffuelsderivedfromvegetable
oilstreatedwithmethylesters.
Therearetwomainbiodieselfueltypes:Rapeseed
MethylEster(RME)andSoybeanMethylEster(SME).
RMEisablendofrapeseedandsunowermethylester,
andisthepreferredcropinEurope.SMEisthepreferred
cropintheUnitedStates.
Biodieselfuelisarenewablealternativefuelsource.Its
useanddevelopmentispromotedworldwide,especially
inEuropeandintheUnitedStates.
Biodieselfuelcanbeusedtorundieselenginesaspure
biodieselfuelorwhenblendedwithstandarddieselfuel:
•
B5:indicatestheblendof5%biodieseland95%
dieselfuels.
•
B7:indicatestheblendof7%biodieseland93%
dieselfuels.
•
B20:indicatestheblendof20%biodieseland80%
dieselfuels.
•
B100:indicatespurebiodiesel,or100%biodieselfuel.
Donotuse.
Biodieselfuelhasseveralpositivefeaturesincomparison
withdieselfuel:
•
Biodieselfueladdslubricitytothefuel,whichisbene-
cialinmanycircumstances,particularlyassulfurand
aromaticsareremovedfromthefuel.
•
Biodieselhasagreatercetanenumberandburns
cleaner.
•
Biodieselproduceslessparticulatematterandreduces
smokeemissions.
•
Biodieselisfullybiodegradableandnon-toxic.
Dieselandbiodieselfuelspecications
Tier2adieselfuelspecicationsarecoveredbythe
following:
•
EN590-SpecicationofDieselfuel.(10ppmsulfur
maximum.)
Biodieselblendsarecoveredby:
•
EuropeanDieselFuelSpecicationEN590allowsupto
7%biodieselsince2009.Europeanfuelsuppliersare
allowedtouseupto7%biodieselfuel(B7)tosupply
thenetwork.
Purebiodiesel(B100)specicationiscoveredbythe
followingrequirements:
•
Europe:EN14214:2009-Automotivefuels.FattyAcid
MethylEster(FAME)fordieselengines.Requirements
andtestmethods.
•
DINV51606-Germanstandardforbiodiesel.
Beforerawoilcanbeconvertedintousablebiodiesel
fuel,itmustundergotransestericationtoremoveglyc-
erides.Duringthetransestericationprocess,theoil
reactswithanalcoholtoseparatetheglycerinefrom
thefatorvegetableoil.Thisprocessleavesbehindtwo
products:methylester(thechemicalnameforbiodiesel)
andglycerine(abyproductusuallysoldforuseinsoaps
orotherproducts).
NOTICE:BiodieselfuelsapprovedforuseintheCASE
CONSTRUCTIONequipmentmustbetransesteriedand
complywiththeEuropeanStandardEN14214ortheGer-
manstandardDINV51606.
NOTICE:ColdPressedBiodiesel,ColdPressedOil,
StraightVegetableOil(SVO),ormoregenerallyunre-
nedvegetableoilsusedasmotorfuel,arefuelsthat
arenormallymadefromRapeseedoilorsimilarhighoil
contentcrops.Thesekindsoffuelarenottransesteried,
sotheydonotfulltheEN14214requirements.Thereis
norecognizedqualitystandardavailableforthesetypes
offuel.ThereforetheuseofColdPressedBiodiesel,
ColdPressedOil,StraightVegetableOil(SVO),ormore
generallyunrenedvegetableoilsusedasmotorfuel
areNOTAPPROVEDatanyblendinanyCASECON-
STRUCTIONproduct.
NOTICE:Anyengineandfuelinjectionequipmenttted
toaCASECONSTRUCTIONvehiclefoundtohaverun
withanyblendofNON-APPROVEDfuel(fuelnotfullling
thespecicationdescribedintherequirementEN14214)
willnolongerbecoveredforWarrantybyCASECON-
STRUCTION.
Biodieselfuelusageconditions
Youmuststringentlyfollowthebiodieselfuelusagecon-
ditions.Incorrectapplicationofthebiodieselfuelusage
conditionscouldleadtoseveredamagetotheengine,
fuelinjectionequipmentandaftertreatmentsystem.
Themainconcernsrelatedtooperationwithbiodiesel
fuelsare:
•
Filtersandinjectorblockagecausedbypoorfuelqual-
ity.
•
Wearandcorrosionofinternalcomponentsduetowa-
tercontent,whichaffectslubricity.
•
Deteriorationofsomerubbersealingcompoundsinthe
fuelsystem.
•
Biodieseloxidation,whichcanleadtotheformationof
depositsthatcanharmthefuelinjectionsystem.
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