Ground Speed (GS): Speed of travel across the ground. In
aviation, the relation between ground speed and air speed is
affected by the prevailing winds.
H HDOP: Horizontal Dilution of Precision.
I IAF: Initial Approach Fix.
IFAF: A point that exists as a combined IAF and FAF.
Identifier: A name, typically abbreviated, assigned to a
waypoint. The identifier may consist of numbers and alpha
characters, up to six in length. For example, the airport
identifier for Los Angeles International Airport is LAX.
Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)
Intersection (INT): A point defined by any combination of
courses, radials, or bearings of two or more navigational aids.
K Knot (kt): A unit of speed equal to one nautical mile per hour.
L Latitude (Lat): Any line circling the earth parallel to the
equator, measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds north
and south of the equator.
Longitude (Lon): Any line from the north to the south pole,
measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds of a circle, east
or west of the Prime Meridian (Greenwich, England).
M Magnetic North: The region, some distance from the
geographic north pole where the earth’s magnetic lines
concentrate. A magnetic compass points to the magnetic north.
Magnetic Variation (Mag Var): The angle between the
magnetic and true north. At various points on the earth it is
different due to local magnetic disturbances. It is shown on
charts as isogonic lines marked with degrees of variation, either
east or west. These degrees must be added to or subtracted from
the true course to get the magnetic course. (Easterly variations
are deducted, and westerly variations are added.)
Map Datum: A mathematical model of the earth used for
the purpose of creating navigation charts and maps.
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Glossary
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