7-10
Maintenance
X6 - P/N 6525032M1
Engine oil specifications
Modern Diesel engines set very high requirements to
lubricants. Specific performances of engines increased
constantly in the last years, thus dictating a higher
thermal stress on oils. Further, following to reduced oil
consumption and higher replacement intervals, lubricants
are prone to a higher pollution. Therefore it is necessary
to follow the requirements set in this operation manual
and to respect its recommendations in order not to affect
engine duration.
Lubricants are always composed by a basic oil and addi-
tives. The main functions of a lubricant (protection from
wear and corrosion, neutralisation of acids produced by
combustion, prevention of coke and soot formation on
engine components) are carried out by these additives.
The characteristics of the basic oil are also a crucial index
of product quality, e.g. for what concerns thermal load.
Essentially, all engine oils that have the same specifica-
tions can be mixed with each other. It is better, however,
to avoid mixing oils, as the worst characteristics of the
mix will predominate.
Lubricants approved by Argo are accurately tested for
each engine type. Their additives are matched very care-
fully. Therefore, no other additives may be used for engine
lubricants.
The quality of a lubricant greatly affects engine duration,
performances and therefore economy. The following is
substantially true: the better the quality of the lubricant,
the better these characteristics will be.
The viscosity of a lubricant describes how it flows depend-
ing on temperature. The viscosity only slightly affects the
lubricant's quality.
Synthetic lubricants are the most used and offer specific
advantages. They are stabler against temperature and
oxydation, and their cold viscosity is relatively low. As a
few procedures are important to calculate the intervals
at which the lubricants should be replaced, and are es-
sentially dependent on the lubricant quality (e.g. pollution
by soot and other materials), this interval should not be
increased beyond the indications, even if synthetic lubri-
cants are used.
Biodegradable lubricants may be used on engines if they
meet the requirements of this manual.
Change intervals for lubricant oil
The intervals depend on:
– lubricant quality
– Fuel sulphur content
– Engine usage
–
• The change interval should be reduced by a half when
at least one of the following conditions is present:
– permanent ambient temperature below -10 °C (14 °F)
or lubricant temperature under 60 °C (84 °F).
– Sulphur content in Diesel fuel >0,5 on % in its mass.
• If such change intervals are not reached in a year, the
oil change should be carried out at any rate at least
once a year.
Viscosity
To select the right viscosity class, the ambient tempera-
ture in the installation seat or the environment where the
tractor is used is critical. An excessively high viscosity can
cause a difficult ignition, while an excessively low viscos-
ity can put the lubricant effect at risk and cause a high
consumption of lubricant. If ambient temperatures are
lower than -40 °C, the lubricant should be pre-heated (e.g.
if the vehicle or the work machine are sheltered in a barn).
Viscosity is classified according to SAE. As a matter of
principle, all-purpose lubricants should be used. In en-
closed and heated environment, where temperature is
over 5 °C, the use of univalent lubricants is also allowed.
NOTE: To select the required viscosity class, it is manda-
tory to comply with the lubricant quality as prescribed or
recommended by your Argo Tractors Dealer.
Depending on ambient temperature, the following usual
viscosity classes are recommended (Fig.7-3):
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