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Keithley
Measuring Instruments
2510
Keithley 2510 User Manual
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2
Connections
•
Input/output connections
— Discusses connections for the thermoelectric cooler
and temperature sensor
.
•
Sense selection
— Summarizes 2-wire and 4-wire sensing selection for both
INPUT and OUTPUT terminals.
•
Ground connect mode
— Describes using the ground connect mode.
45
47
Table of Contents
Default Chapter
7
Table of Contents
7
Getting Started
20
General Information
21
Warranty Information
21
Contact Information
21
Manual Addenda
21
Safety Symbols and Terms
21
Inspection
22
Options and Accessories
22
Cables and Adapters
22
INPUT/OUTPUT Mating Connector
22
Carrying Case
23
Rack Mount Kits
23
Product Overview
23
Front and Rear Panel Familiarization
24
Front Panel Summary
24
Figure 1-1 Model 2510 Front Panel
24
Rear Panel Summary
26
Figure 1-2 Model 2510 Rear Panel
26
Power Module
26
Power-Up
27
Line Power Connection
27
Power-Up Sequence
27
System Identification
28
Line Frequency Setting
28
Fuse Replacement
29
Display
29
Display Format
29
Display Readings
30
Current Function Readings
30
Temperature Function Readings
30
Voltage Function Readings
30
Resistance Function Readings
31
Reading Format
31
Display Examples
32
Display Messages
33
ON/OFF Indicator
34
EDIT Keys
34
Status and Error Messages
34
Front Panel Tests
34
Default Settings
35
Saving and Restoring User Setups
35
Power-On Configuration
35
Restoring Setups
35
Saving Setups
35
Factory Default Settings
35
Table 1-3 Factory Front Panel Default Settings
36
Menus
38
Main Menu
38
Rules to Navigate Menus
40
Configuration Menus
40
Figure 1-3 Main Menu Tree
41
Table 1-5 Temperature Configuration Menu
42
Table 1-6 Voltage Source Configuration Menu
43
Table 1-8 Resistance Configuration Menu
44
Table 1-9 Output Configuration Menu
45
Connections
46
2 Connections
47
Input/Output Connections
47
Input/Output Connector
47
2-Wire Connections
47
Figure
47
4-Wire Connections
48
Reversing TEC Connections
49
Sense Selection
50
OUTPUT Sensing
50
INPUT Sensing
50
Sensing Considerations
50
2-Wire Sensing
50
4-Wire Sensing
51
Figure 2-4 Sensing Methods
51
Ground Connect Mode
52
AC Ohms Measurement
52
Basic Operation
53
Safety Precautions
54
Operation Overview
54
Control Characteristics
54
Measurement Characteristics
54
Limit Characteristics
55
Configuring Functions
55
Configuring Temperature
55
Table 3-1 Temperature Configuration Menu
56
Configuring Voltage
57
Configuring Current
57
Configuring DC Resistance
58
Configuring AC Resistance
58
Table 3-4 Resistance Configuration Menu
59
Configuring Output
60
Configuring Setpoint Tolerance
60
Adjusting Setpoints
61
Basic Front Panel Control-Measure Procedure
62
Step 1: Select Function
62
Step 2: Configure Function
62
Step 3: Adjust Setpoint
62
Step 4: Set Current Limit
62
Step 5: Turn Output on
63
Step 6: Observe the Display
63
Step 7: Turn Output off
63
Basic Remote Control-Measure Procedure
63
Step 1: Restore Defaults
63
Step 2: Select Function
63
Step 3: Configure Selected Function
64
Step 4: Program Setpoint
64
Step 5: Set Current Limit
64
Step 6: Turn Output on
64
Step 7: Request Readings
64
Step 8: Turn Output off
65
Protection Limits
65
Temperature Protection Limits
66
Voltage Protection Limit
66
Current Protection Limit
66
Resistance Protection Limits
66
Voltage and Current Limit Operating Boundaries
67
Setpoint Tolerance
67
Ranges
68
Operation
68
Setpoint Tolerance Indicator
68
Setpoint Tolerance Operation
69
Temperature Sensors
70
Open and Shorted Lead Status Indications
70
Solid-State Sensor Restrictions
70
Thermistor Sensor Ranges
70
RTD Sensor Ranges
70
PID Control Concepts
71
Temperature Control Model
72
Temperature Control Methods
72
Figure
72
Figure
73
On-Off Control
73
Proportional (P) Control
73
Proportional-Derivative (PD) Control
74
Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) Control
74
PID Tuning
75
PID Autotune (Model 2510-AT Only)
76
Autotune Operation
76
Response Options
76
Short Lag and Tau Time Example
76
Long Lag and Tau Time Example
78
Autotune Limitations
79
Practical Autotune Considerations
80
Large Temperature Steps
80
PID Fine Tuning
80
TEC Module Gain
80
Using Autotune Commands
81
Autotune Command Summary
81
Basic Autotune Procedure
82
Autotune Complete
83
Sensor Coefficients
84
Thermistor Coefficients
84
RTD Coefficients
84
Digital I/O Port and Output Enable
85
5 Digital I/O Port and Output Enable
86
Digital I/O Port
86
Port Configuration
86
Digital Output Lines
86
Figure 5-1 Digital I/O Port
86
+5V Output
87
Output Enable Line
87
Digital Output Configuration
87
Figure 5-2 Sink Operation
87
Sink Operation
87
Source Operation
88
Controlling Digital Output Lines
88
Figure 5-3 Source Operation
88
Table 5-1 Digital Output Line Settings
89
Output Enable Line
90
Overview
90
Activating Output Enable
90
Figure 5-4 Using Output Enable
91
Remote Operations
92
Differences: Remote Vs. Local Operation
93
Local-To-Remote Transition
93
Remote-To-Local Transition
93
Setting Interface Parameters
93
Selecting an Interface
93
GPIB Operation
94
GPIB Standards
94
GPIB Connections
95
Figure 6-1 IEEE-488 Connector
95
Figure 6-2 IEEE-488 Connections
95
Primary Address
97
6 Remote Operations
95
RS-232 Interface Operation
97
Sending and Receiving Data
97
Baud Rate
97
Data Bits and Parity
98
Terminator
98
Flow Control (Signal Handshaking)
98
RS-232 Connections
99
Front Panel GPIB Operation
100
Error and Status Messages
100
GPIB Status Indicators
100
Rem
100
Lstn
101
Srq
101
Talk
101
DISPLAY TOGGLE/LOCAL Key
101
General Bus Commands
102
REN (Remote Enable)
102
IFC (Interface Clear)
102
LLO (Local Lockout)
102
GTL (Go to Local)
103
DCL (Device Clear)
103
SDC (Selective Device Clear)
103
GET (Group Execute Trigger)
103
SPE, SPD (Serial Polling)
103
Programming Syntax
103
Command Words
103
Commands and Command Parameters
104
Query Commands
105
Case Sensitivity
105
Leading Colon
106
Long-Form and Short-Form Versions
106
Short-Form Rules
106
Program Messages
107
Multiple Command Messages
107
Single Command Messages
107
Command Execution Rules
108
Command Path Rules
108
Program Message Terminator (PMT)
108
Using Common and SCPI Commands in the same Message
108
Response Messages
109
Multiple Response Messages
109
Response Message Terminator (RMT)
109
Sending a Response Message
109
Message Exchange Protocol
109
Status Structure
110
Overview
111
Status Byte and SRQ
111
Status Register Sets
111
Queues
111
Clearing Registers and Queues
113
7 Status Structure
114
Programming and Reading Registers
114
Programming Enable Registers
114
Figure 7-2 16-Bit Status Register
114
Reading Registers
115
Status Byte and Service Request (SRQ)
116
Status Byte Register
117
Service Request Enable Register
118
Serial Polling and SRQ
118
SPE, SPD (Serial Polling)
118
Programming Example - Set MSS (B6) When Error Occurs
119
Status Byte and Service Request Commands
119
Table 7-3 Status Byte and Service Request Enable Register Commands
119
Table 7-4 Status Byte Programming Example
119
Status Register Sets
120
Register Bit Descriptions
120
Standard Event Register
120
Figure 7-4 Standard Event Status
121
Operation Event Register
122
Measurement Event Register
123
Measurement Event Status
124
Questionable Event Register
125
Condition Registers
126
Event Registers
126
Event Enable Registers
127
Programming Example - Program and Read Register Set
128
Queues
128
Output Queue
128
Error Queue
129
Programming Example - Read Error Queue
130
Common Commands
131
Command Summary
132
Command Reference
133
IDN? - Identification Query
133
OPC - Operation Complete
133
OPC? - Operation Complete Query
133
OPT? - Option Query
133
SAV <Nrf> - Save
134
RCL <Nrf> - Recall
134
RST - Reset
134
TRG - Trigger
134
TST? - Self-Test Query
134
WAI - Wait-To-Continue
135
SCPI Signal-Oriented Measurement Commands
136
Command Summary
137
Acquiring Readings
137
Fetch
137
Measure[:<Function>]
138
Read
139
Initiate[:Immediate]
139
Command Examples
139
SCPI Command Reference
140
Reference Tables
141
General Notes
141
Table 10-1 :Display Subsystem Commands
142
Table 10-2 :Format Subsystem Commands
143
Table 10-4 :Sense[1] Subsystem Commands
144
Table 10-5 :Source[1] Subsystem Commands
146
Table 10-6 :Source2 Subsystem Commands
150
Table 10-7 :Status Subsystem Commands
151
Table 10-8 :System Subsystem Commands
152
Display Subsystem
153
Control Display
153
Table 10-10 :UNIT Subsystem Commands
153
Read Display
154
Define :TEXT Messages
154
ASCII Display Values
156
10 SCPI Command Reference
158
Format Subsystem
158
Data Format
158
Figure 10-1 ASCII Data Format
158
Figure 10-2 IEEE-754 Single Precision Data Format (32 Data Bits)
159
Data Elements
160
Byte Order
162
Status Register Format
163
Output Subsystem
164
Turn Source on or off
164
Output Enable Line Control
164
Sense1 Subsystem
165
Current Function
165
Resistance Function
166
Temperature Function
167
RTD Sensor Parameters
168
Thermistor Sensor Parameters
170
Solid-State Sensor Parameters
171
Source[1] Subsystem
173
Control Source Output-Off
173
Select Source Function
173
Current Function
174
Resistance Function
175
Temperature Function
177
Voltage Function
180
Setpoint Tolerance
181
PID Autotune (Model 2510-AT Only)
182
Select Minimum Settling Time Criteria
182
Initiate Autotune
183
Query Tau and Lag Values
183
Select Minimum Overshoot Criteria
183
Set Temperature Start and Stop Values
183
Source2 Subsystem
184
Status Subsystem
185
Read Event Registers
185
Program Event Enable Registers
185
Read Condition Registers
186
Select Default Conditions
186
Error Queue
186
System Subsystem
187
Default Conditions
187
Select Power Line Frequency Setting
188
Error Queue
189
Simulate Key Presses
190
Read Version of SCPI Standard
191
Reset Timestamp
191
2-Wire/4-Wire Sense Mode
191
Ground Connect Mode
192
RS-232 Interface
192
Trigger Subsystem
193
Initiate Control/Measure Cycle
193
Abort Source/Measure Cycle
193
UNIT Subsystem
193
Specifications
194
Status and Error Messages
197
Introduction
198
Status and Error Messages
198
Table B-1 Status and Error Messages
199
B Status and Error Messages
199
Eliminating Common SCPI Errors
204
113, "Undefined Header
204
410, "Query INTERRUPTED
204
420, "Query UNTERMINATED
205
IEEE-488 Bus Overview
206
Introduction
207
Bus Description
207
Figure C-1 IEEE-488 Bus Configuration
208
Bus Lines
210
Data Lines
210
Bus Management Lines
210
Handshake Lines
210
Figure C-2 IEEE-488 Handshake Sequence
211
Bus Commands
212
Uniline Commands
213
Universal Multiline Commands
213
Addressed Multiline Commands
214
Address Commands
214
Unaddress Commands
214
100 C IEEE-488 Bus Overview
215
Common Commands
215
SCPI Commands
215
Table C-2 Hexadecimal and Decimal Command Codes
215
Command Codes
216
Figure C-3 Command Codes
216
Typical Command Sequences
217
Table C-3 Typical Addressed Multiline Command Sequence
217
Table C-4 Typical Addressed Common Command Sequence
217
IEEE Command Groups
218
Table C-5 IEEE Command Groups
218
100 C IEEE-488 Bus Overview
216
Interface Function Codes
219
IEEE-488 and SCPI Conformance Information
222
Introduction
222
Table D-1 IEEE-488 Documentation Requirements
223
500 D IEEE-488 and SCPI Conformance Information
224
Table D-2 Coupled Commands
224
Example Programs
225
Introduction
226
Program Requirements
226
Computer Hardware Requirements
226
Software Requirements
226
General Program Instructions
226
Basic Temperature Control Program
227
Instrument Setup
227
Requested Readings
227
Setpoint Tolerance Temperature Sweep
228
Overview
228
Enabling SRQ on Setpoint Tolerance
229
Temperature Sweep Program Summary
229
Program 1: Basic Temperature Control
230
Program 2: Setpoint Tolerance Temperature Sweep
232
GPIB 488.1 Protocol
233
Introduction
234
Selecting the 488.1 Protocol
234
Protocol Differences
235
Message Exchange Protocol (MEP
235
Using SCPI-Based Programs
235
Bus Hold-Off
236
Trigger-On-Talk
236
Message Available
236
General Operation Notes
236
5
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Keithley 2510 Specifications
General
Brand
Keithley
Model
2510
Category
Measuring Instruments
Language
English
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