15-2
15.3 Influencing Factors
The factors that affect cardiac output are:
 temperature of injectate solution,
 volume of injectate solution,
 patient’s baseline blood temperature,
 patient’s inspiratory/expiratory cycle,
 placement of catheter with relation to proximity of lung field,
 the catheter itself,
 the patient rhythm and hemodynamic status, and
 any other rapid IV solutions which are infused while the C.O. measurement is being
performed.
Followings are some technique suggestions to obtain accurate C.O.:
 Injectate solution must be cooler than the patient’s blood.
 Inject solution rapidly and smoothly.
 Inject at end expiration.
15.4 Setting Up the C.O. Measurement
WARNING
z Use only accessories specified in this manual. Make sure that the accessories never
come into contact with conductive parts.
1. Connect the C.O. cable to the C.O. connector on the monitor.
2. Interconnect the patient monitor, catheter and syringe as shown below. Make sure that:
 The PA catheter is in place in the patient.
 The C.O. cable is properly connected to the monitor.
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