Cessna 182 1978 - General Drscription; Fuel; Use of Fuel Additives for Cold Weather Operation; Fuel Drains

MODEL
182
&
T182
SERIES
SERVICE
MANUAL
gasoline
into fuel
inlet at
a pressure
not to
exceed 10
The
introduction
of alcohol
or
EGME compound
into
psi
until all of
the oil is
flushed from
the carburetor.
the fuel provides
two distinct
effects:
1) it absorbs
Reinstall carburetor
plugs
and attach
fuel line.
the dissolved
water from
the gasoline
and 2)
alcohol
l. Perform
a thorough
preflight
inspection, then
has
a freezing temperature
depressant
effect.
start and
warm up
engine.
m.
Thoroughly
clean
and
test
fly
aircraft.
Alcohol,
if
used,
is to
be blended
with the
fuel
in a
concentration
of
1% by volume.
Concentrations
2-17.
SERVICING.
greater
than 1%
are not
recommended
since
they
can
be detrimental
to fuel tank
materials.
2-18. GENERAL
DESCRIPTION. Servicing require- The
manner in which the alcohol is added to the
fuel
ments
are shown in figure 2-4. The following para-
is significant because alcohol is most effective
when
graphs supplement
this figure by adding details not
it is completely dossolved in the fuel. To insure
included in the figure. proper mixing the following is recommended:
1. For
best results
the alcohol
should
be added
2-19. FUEL. Fuel tanks should be filled immediately during the fueling operation by pouring the alcohol
after flight to lessen
condensation in the tanks
and lines. directly
on the fuel stream issuing
from the fueling
Tank capacities are
listed in figure 1-1. The recom-
nozzle.
mended fuel grade to be used is given in figure
2-4. 2. An alternate method
that may be used is to
gallon
capacity)
and then
transfer
this
mixture
to the
DURING
ALL FUELING
PROCEDURES,
FIRE
tank prior
to the fuel
operation.
FIGHTING
EQUIPMENT
MUST
BE AVAI-
Any
high quality
isopropyl
alcohol
may be
used,
LABLE.
TWO GROUND
WIRES FROM
DIF-
such
as:
FERENT
POINTS ON THE
AIRPLANE TO
Anti-icing
fluid (MIL-F-5566)
or
SEPARATE
APPROVED
GROUND
STAKES
Isopropyl
alcohol.(Federal
Spec.
TT-I-735a).
SHALL BE
USED TO PREVENT
ACCIDEN-
Ethylene glycol monomethyl
ether (EGME)
com-
TAL DISCONNECTION OF ONE GROUND
pound in compliance with MIL-I-27686
or Phillips
WIRE. ENSURE
THAT FUELING NOZZLE PFA-55MB,
if used, must be carefully mixed
with
IS GROUNDED TO THE
AIRPLANE. fuel in concentrations
not to exceed 0.15% by volume.
Tie-down rings should be used as grounding
points
for
all grounding
wires
during
refuel-
Mixing
of
the
EGME
compound
with
the
fuel
ing
procedures.
is extremely
important
because
concentra-
tion
in excess
of that
recommended
(0.15
2-20.
USE
OF FUEL
ADDITIVES
FOR COLD
percent
by volume
maximum)
will result
in
WEATHER
OPERATION.
Strict
adherence
to recom-
detrimental
affects
to the
fuel
tanks,
such
mended
preflight
draining
instructions
will eliminate
as deterioration
of
protective
primer
and
any
free water
accumulations
from
the tank
sumps.
sealants
and damage
to O-rings
and
seals
While
small
amounts
of
water
may still
remain
in
in the
fuel system
and engine
components.
solution
in
the gasoline,
it
will normally
be
consumed
Use
only
blending
equipment
that
is recom-
and
go unnoticed
in
the operation
of
the
engine.
mended
by
the manufacturer
to obtain
pro-
per proportioning.
One
exception
to this can
be encountered
when
oper-
ating under the combined
effect of: 1) use of certain
fuels,
with
2) high
humidity
conditions
on
the ground
3) followed by flight at high altitude
and low tempera- Do not allow
the concentrated EGME com-
ture. Under
these unusual conditions small amounts
pound to come in contact with the airplane
of water in solution can precipitate from the fuel finish or fuel cell as damage can refult.
stream
and
freeze
in sufficient
quantities
to
induce
partial icing of the engine
fuel system. Prolonged
storage of the airplane will result in a
water
buildup
in the fuel
which
"leeches
out"
the
While these conditions are quite
rare and will not additive. An indication
of this is when an excessive
normally
pose a problem
to owners and operators,
amount of water
accumulates in the fuel
tank sumps.
they do exist in certain areas of the world and con- The concentration can be checked using a differential
sequently must be dealt with, when encountered. refractometer. It is imperative that the technical
manual
for
the differential
refractometer
be followed
Therefore, to alleviate the possibility of fuel icing explicitly when checking the additive concentration.
occurring
under
these
unusual
conditions
it is per-
missible
to
add isopropyl
alcohol
or ethylene
glycol
2-21.
FUEL
DRAINS.
Fuel
drains
are located
at
monomethyl
ether
(EGME)
compound
to the
fuel
various
places
throughout
the fuel
system.
Refer
to
supply.
See
Figure
2-3
for Fuel
Additive
Mixing
Section
12 for
location
of
the various
drains
in the
sys-
Ratio.
tem.
The
strainer
drain
valve
is
an integral
part
of
Revision
1 2-9