5-15
METHODS
Number of Equivalence Points
Up to 5 equivalence points can be detected.
End Point Determination
The first and the second derivative of the S-shaped titration curve can be used to detect the
equivalence point.
The equivalence point detection algorithm requires three additional titrant doses to be
dispensed after the equivalence point is reached.
The reported end point volume is a calculated value based on a number of points around the
equivalence point.
The potentiometric S-shaped titration curve is the response in potential (mV) or pH between
the indication of the electrode versus the volume of titrant added.
The inflection point of the S-shaped titration curve is assumed to be the equivalence point of
the chemical reaction.
For non-symmetric titration curves, the theoretical error can be reduced by using the dynamic
dosing.