Impedance characteristic............................................................306
Minimum operating current.........................................................310
Measuring principles...................................................................310
Directional impedance element for quadrilateral
characteristics.............................................................................313
Simplified logic diagrams............................................................316
Function block.................................................................................320
Input and output signals..................................................................321
Setting parameters..........................................................................323
Technical data.................................................................................325
Phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with settable angle
FRPSPDIS (21)....................................................................................326
Introduction......................................................................................326
Principle of operation.......................................................................326
Phase-to-ground fault.................................................................329
Phase-to-phase fault..................................................................331
Three-phase faults......................................................................332
Load encroachment....................................................................333
Minimum operate currents..........................................................338
Simplified logic diagrams............................................................339
Function block.................................................................................344
Input and output signals..................................................................344
Setting parameters..........................................................................345
Technical data.................................................................................346
Power swing detection ZMRPSB (68)..................................................347
Introduction......................................................................................347
Principle of operation.......................................................................347
Resistive reach in forward direction............................................349
Resistive reach in reverse direction............................................349
Reactive reach in forward and reverse direction........................350
Basic detection logic...................................................................350
Operating and inhibit conditions.................................................352
Function block.................................................................................353
Input and output signals..................................................................354
Setting parameters..........................................................................354
Technical data.................................................................................355
Power swing logic ZMRPSL ................................................................356
Introduction......................................................................................356
Principle of operation.......................................................................356
Communication and tripping logic..............................................356
Table of contents
8
Technical reference manual