12 Electrical System
12-23
12.13 EFI system
12.13.1 EFI structure
12.13.2 Sensors
A sensor is a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which
can be read by an observer or by an instrument. Sensors in EFI system include:
Air pressure sensor (air density and pressure information)
Air temp. sensor (air density and temperature information)
TPS (load, load range, speed information)
Trigger (crankshaft information)
Coolant temp. sensor (engine temp.)
Speedometer sensor (output shaft RPM information)
Phase sensor (gear information)
Oxygen sensor (air factor= λ >1 or <1)
12.13.3 ECU
Electronic Control Unit, the brain of EFI system, which determines the amount of
fuel injection, ignition TDC and other parameters a engine needs to keep running by
calculating and analyzing values provided by sensors.
12.13.4 Actuators
Actuators execute the EFI instruction. Main actuators include:
●Fuel Pump (Provide high-press fuel)
●Fuel Injector (Inject the fuel to make it spray better)
●Ignition Coil (Provide high ignition energy to spark plug)
●Throttle Valve (Provide engine with intake air)
121601
Ignition coil
Fuel pump
ECU
E-throttle
Oxygen sensor
T-MAP
Trigger
Oxygen sensor
Fuel injector
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