2 Machine description
BIESSE S.p.A. © - p702k0003.fm251111
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2 Machine description
This chapter provides information on the type of machine, its main and optional parts, and the
configuration of the various models available.
2.1 General description of the machine
The Primus is a numerical control processing centre which, via operating heads, machines the
piece on the work table.
A high pressure water jet (about 380Mpa, 55,000psi), aimed through a purposely calibrated hole,
produces a jet WITH A SPEED ALMOST THREE TIMES THE SPEED OF SOUND (about
810m/s).
The water jet, with or without the addition of an abrasive, is directed towards the surface of the
material to be cut, and separating the parts by means of a dual action: EROSION AND
ABRASION.
In the cut made with a water jet with abrasive, the water is the vector and the abrasive is the
cutting “tool”.
The water pressure level in water jet cutting systems is raised with the aid of volumetric type
pumps; these give the best results when a notable pressure increase at low flow rates is required.
The volumetric pumps in question are formed of pistons that slide in their respective cylinders. Two
fluids act on the faces of the piston: water (i.e. the fluid whose pressure we need to increase) and
oil (the fluid used in the low pressure circuit of the intensification systems.
To augment the water pressure, we use a ratio between the areas on which the two fluids act.
Water pressure = (oil section : water section) x Oil pressure.
The ratio between the areas is called the “Intensification ratio”, and it is the proportional ratio
between the pressure levels of the two fluids.
For further information, see paragraph 4 “Intended use and unintended use”.
In the following paragraphs you will find the configurations of Primus machines, and a machine
overview identifying and describing the main parts.
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