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13Monitoring Carbon Dioxide
WARNING
Measurements from an MMS extension connected to an X2 are not available when the X2 is running
on its own battery power. They are only available when the X2 is powered by external power: when
connected to a host monitor, to the external power supply (M8023A) or to the Battery Extension
(865297).
Only one CO
2
measurement at a time is supported.
Use the CO
2
measurement to monitor the patient's respiratory status and to control patient ventilation.
There are two methods for measuring carbon dioxide in the patient's airway:
• Mainstream measurement uses a CO
2
sensor attached to an airway adapter directly inserted into
the patient's breathing system. This method is available using the M3014A Capnography
Extension and the M3016A Mainstream CO
2
Extension, or the X2 with the optional CO
2
measurement.
• Sidestream measurement takes a sample of the respiratory gas with a constant sample flow from
the patient's airway and analyzes it with a remote CO
2
sensor built into the measurement system.
Philips offers the sidestream CO
2
measurement in the M3014A Capnography Extension or the X2
with the optional CO
2
measurement, and the Microstream method of sidestream CO
2
measurement in the M3015A/B Microstream CO
2
Extension.
Refer to your Gas Module Instructions for Use, if you are using a Gas Module to monitor CO
2
.
WARNING
Correlation: The etCO
2
readings do not always correlate closely with paCO
2
, especially in neonatal
patients and patients with pulmonary disease, pulmonary embolism or inappropriate ventilation.
Pharmaceuticals in aerosols: Do not measure CO
2
in the presence of pharmaceuticals in aerosols.
Explosion Hazard: Do not use in the presence of flammable anesthetics or gases, such as a
flammable anesthetic mixture with air, oxygen or nitrous oxide. Use of the devices in such an
environment may present an explosion hazard.
Failure of operation: if the measurement or a sensor fails to respond as described, do not use it until
the situation has been corrected by qualified personnel.
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