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Alteon Application Switch Operating System Application Guide

Server Load Balancing

204 Document ID: RDWR-ALOS-V2900_AG1302

Figure 35: Mapped and Non-Mapped Server Access

Using delayed binding, Alteon intercepts the client SYN request before it reaches the server. Alteon

responds to the client with a SYN ACK that contains embedded client information. Alteon does not

allocate a session until a valid SYN ACK is received from the client or the three-way handshake is

complete.

Default Chapter3
- Important Notices3
- Copyright Notices4
- Safety Instructions8
  - Main# /Cfg/Slb/Group 1/Slowstr10
- Altitude and Climate Warning21
- Document Conventions22
- Table of Contents23
Chapter 1 - Preface39
- Who Should Use this Guide39
- What You will Find in this Guide39
- Related Documentation41
Chapter 2 - Accessing Alteon43
- Using the CLI43
- Using SNMP44
  - SNMP V1.044
  - SNMP V3.044
- Using the Browser-Based Interface51
- Using the Management Port52
  - Setting up the Management Port53
  - Limiting Management Access54
- File Transfers55
- Time Configuration55
  - Time Zone Configuration55
  - Network Time Protocol57
Chapter 3 - Securing Alteon59
- Protecting Alteon-Owned Addresses from Attacks59
- How Different Protocols Attack Alteon59
- RADIUS Authentication and Authorization62
- TACACS+ Authentication67
- Secure Shell and Secure Copy70
- Deny Routes79
  - Configuring a Deny Route80
  - Viewing a Deny Route80
Chapter 4 - Vlans81
- VLAN ID Numbers81
- VLAN Tagging81
- Vlans and the IP Interfaces82
- VLAN Topologies and Design Issues82
- Vlans and Default Gateways85
Chapter 5 - Port Trunking89
- Overview89
- Link Aggregation Control Protocol Trunking93
  - LACP Modes93
  - Configuring LACP94
Chapter 6 - Port Teaming97
Chapter 7 - Spanning Tree Protocol99
- Overview99
- Bridge Protocol Data Units (Bpdus)99
  - Determining the Path for Forwarding Bpdus100
- Spanning Tree Group Configuration Guidelines100
- Multiple Spanning Trees102
- Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol105
- Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol107
Chapter 8 - Basic IP Routing111
- IP Routing Benefits111
- Routing between IP Subnets111
  - Subnet Routing Example113
IP Subnet Routing Configuration113
- Using Vlans to Segregate Broadcast Domains115
- Defining IP Address Ranges for the Local Route Cache117
- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol117
  - DHCP Relay Agent117
  - DHCP Relay Agent Configuration118
- Gratuitous ARP (GARP) Command119
- Static Routes119
  - Ipv4 Static Routes119
  - Ipv6 Static Routes120
Chapter 9 - Routing Information Protocol121
- Distance Vector Protocol121
- Stability121
- Routing Updates121
- RIP Versions122
- RIP Features123
- RIP Configuration Example124
Chapter 10 - Border Gateway Protocol125
- Internal Routing Versus External Routing125
- Forming BGP Peer Routers126
- Route Maps126
- Aggregating Routes129
- Redistributing Routes130
- BGP Attributes130
  - Local Preference Attribute130
  - Metric (Multi-Exit Discriminator) Attribute130
- Selecting Route Paths in BGP131
- BGP Failover Configuration131
- Default Redistribution and Route Aggregation Example134
Chapter 11 - Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)137
- OSPF Overview137
- OSPF Implementation141
- OSPF Configuration Examples150
Chapter 12 - Server Load Balancing165
- Understanding Server Load Balancing165
  - Identifying Your Network Needs165
  - How Server Load Balancing Works166
- Implementing Server Load Balancing167
- Extending Server Load Balancing Topologies189
- Virtual Matrix Architecture189
- Client Network Address Translation (Proxy IP)190
- Mapping Ports194
- Direct Server Return197
  - One Arm Topology Application198
- Direct Access Mode200
  - Assigning Multiple IP Addresses202
- Delayed Binding203
Configuring the Replace Action for HTTP Headers246
To Configure the Remove Action for HTTP Headers247
To Configure the Insert Action for HTTP Headers248
To Configure the Replace Action for Cookies250
To Configure the Remove Action for Cookies251
To Configure the Insert Action for Cookies252
- To Configure HTTP Modification for the HTTP File Type254
To Configure the Replace Action for the HTTP Status Line255
Configuring Modification for HTTP URL Elements257
To Configure the Replace Action for an HTTP Text Element265
To Configure the Remove Action for the HTTP Text Element266
- Content-Intelligent Caching and Compression Overview (Fastview™)267
- Content-Intelligent Caching268
- Cache Content Management269
- Content-Intelligent Compression272
- TCP Congestion Avoidance277
- Fastview Licensing277
- Content-Intelligent Connection Management277
Chapter 13 - Load Balancing Special Services279
- IP Server Load Balancing279
- FTP Server Load Balancing280
- TFTP Server Load Balancing281
  - Requirements281
  - Configuring TFTP Server Load Balancing282
- Lightweight Directory Access Server SLB282
- Domain Name Server (DNS) SLB285
- Real Time Streaming Protocol SLB291
- Secure Socket Layer (SSL) SLB299
  - Associating an SSL Policy to a Virtual Service299
  - Associating a Server Certificate to a Virtual Service300
- Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) SLB300
- Intrusion Detection System (IDS) SLB309
- Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Server Load Balancing323
- Softgrid Load Balancing330
  - Configuring Softgrid Load Balancing332
- Workload Manager (WLM) Support332
Chapter 14 - Offloading SSL Encryption and Authentication337
- SSL Offloading Implementation337
- SSL Policies338
- Certificate Repository338
- Client Authentication Policies343
- Common SSL Offloading Service Use Cases343
Chapter 15 - Filtering and Traffic Manipulation355
- Basic Filtering Features356
- Filtering Enhancements363
- Load Balancing Modes364
- MAC-Based Filters for Layer 2 Traffic373
- VLAN-Based Filtering373
- Filtering on 802.1P Priority Bit in a VLAN Header376
  - 802.1P Priorities376
  - Classifying Packets Based on 802.1P Priority Bits376
- Persistence for Filter Redirection377
- Filter-Based Security379
- Network Address Translation384
- Matching TCP Flags391
- Matching ICMP Message Types395
- Multicast Filter Redirection396
- Ipv6 Filtering397
- Content Class Filters for Layer 7 Traffic399
- Return-To-Sender401
Chapter 16 - ADC-VX Management403
- What Is ADC-VX403
- ADC Form Factors403
- Vadcs403
Chapter 17 - Application Redirection455
- Overview455
- Cache Redirection Environment456
- RTSP Cache Redirection461
- IP Proxy Addresses for NAT464
- Excluding Non-Cacheable Sites465
- Content-Intelligent Cache Redirection466
- Peer-To-Peer Cache Load Balancing480
Chapter 18 - Health Checking481
- Understanding Health Check Monitoring482
- Supported Health Check Types484
- Pre-Defined Health Check Summary502
- Failure Types503
  - Service Failure503
  - Server Failure504
- DSR Health Checks505
- Advanced Group Health Check505
- Disabling the Fast Link Health Check506
Chapter 19 - High Availability507
- Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol507
- Ipv6 VRRP Support518
- Failover Methods and Configurations521
- Ipv6 VRRP Configuration Examples547
- Virtual Router Deployment Considerations567
- Stateful Failover of Persistent Sessions571
  - What Happens When Alteon Fails572
  - Viewing Statistics on Persistent Port Sessions573
- Service-Based Session Failover574
- Peer Synchronization580
  - Configuring Peer Synchronization580
Chapter 20 - Persistence583
- Overview of Persistence583
- HTTP and HTTPS Persistence Based on Client IP584
- Cookie-Based Persistence585
- SSL Session ID-Based Persistence596
  - How SSL Session ID-Based Persistence Works596
  - Configuring SSL Session ID-Based Persistence597
- Windows Terminal Server Load Balancing and Persistence598
  - Configuring Windows Terminal Server Load Balancing and Persistence600
Chapter 21 - Advanced Denial of Service Protection601
- Background601
  - Security Inspection Workflow601
  - Other Types of Security Inspection602
- IP Address Access Control Lists602
  - Configuring Blocking with IP Access Control Lists603
  - Viewing IP ACL Statistics603
- Protection against Common Denial of Service Attacks604
- Protocol-Based Rate Limiting611
- Protection against UDP Blast Attacks617
- TCP or UDP Pattern Matching618
Chapter 22 - WAN Link Load Balancing631
- Multi-Homing631
- How WAN Link Load Balancing Works633
  - Outbound Traffic633
  - Inbound Traffic634
- Configuring WAN Link Load Balancing637
Chapter 23 - Firewall Load Balancing657
- Firewall Overview657
- Basic FWLB658
  - Basic FWLB Implementation659
  - Configuring Basic FWLB661
- Four-Subnet FWLB668
  - Four-Subnet FWLB Implementation669
  - Configuring Four-Subnet FWLB670
- Advanced FWLB Concepts683
Chapter 24 - Virtual Private Network Load Balancing691
- Overview691
  - How VPN Load Balancing Works691
  - VPN Load-Balancing Persistence692
- VPN Load Balancing Configuration693
Chapter 25 - Global Server Load Balancing705
- Using GSLB705
- Distributed Site Session Protocol (DSSP)705
  - DSSP Versions706
  - Support for DSSP Versions706
- GSLB Overview706
- GSLB and DNSSEC712
- Configuring Basic GSLB713
- Configuring a Standalone GSLB Domain724
  - Master/Slave DNS Configuration730
- Configuring GSLB with Rules730
  - Configuring Time-Based Rules731
  - Using the Availability Metric in a Rule732
- Configuring GSLB Network Preference733
- Configuring GSLB with Client Proximity734
  - Configuring Static Client Proximity735
  - Configuring Dynamic Client Proximity742
- Configuring GSLB with DNSSEC743
- Configuring GSLB with Proxy IP for Non-HTTP Redirects753
  - How Proxy IP Works755
  - Configuring Proxy IP Addresses756
- Configuring GSLB Behind a NAT Device757
- Using Border Gateway Protocol for GSLB758
- Verifying GSLB Operation759
Chapter 26 - Bandwidth Management761
- Using Bandwidth Management761
- Contracts761
- Policies766
- Rate Limiting767
  - Application Session Capping768
  - Rate Limiting Timeslots769
- Traffic Shaping769
  - Data Pacing for Traffic Shaping Contracts770
- Bandwidth Management Information771
- Packet Coloring (TOS Bits) for Burst Limit772
- Contract-Based Packet Mirroring773
- Configuring Bandwidth Management773
- Additional BWM Configuration Examples776
Chapter 27 - XML Configuration API795
- Software Components795
- XML Configuration File796
- XML File Transmission796
- XML Configuration797
- Additional Feature Commands797
Chapter 28 - Appshape++ Scripting799
- Appshape++ Overview799
- Appshape++ Script Repository799
- Appshape++ Script Activation799
Appendix A - Layer 7 String Handling801
- Exclusionary String Matching for Real Servers801
  - Configuring Exclusionary URL String Matching802
- Regular Expression Matching803
  - Standard Regular Expression Characters803
  - Configuring Regular Expressions804
- Content Precedence Lookup804
- String Case Insensitivity807
- Configurable HTTP Methods807
Appendix B - Content-Intelligent Server Load Balancing Not Using Layer 7 Content Switching Rules809
- URL-Based Server Load Balancing809
- Virtual Hosting813
- Cookie-Based Preferential Load Balancing815
- Browser-Smart Load Balancing817
- Configure SLB Strings for HTTP Redirection818
Appendix C - Ipv6835
- Ipv4 Versus Ipv6835
- Ipv6 Address Format836
  - Compressing Long Sequences of Zeros836
  - Prefix Length for a Network Identifier836
- Ipv6 Address Types837
- Pinging Ipv6 Addresses837
- Verifying an Ipv6 Configuration838
- Verifying Ipv6 Statistics838
Radware Ltd. End User License Agreement839

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Radware Alteon Specifications

Model	Alteon
Manufacturer	Radware
Layer	Layer 4-7
Type	Application Delivery Controller (ADC)
Features	Load balancing, SSL offloading, application acceleration, DDoS protection
Form Factor	Virtual Appliance