Greenhouse Gas Emissions
and Fuel Consumption
Standards
Model year 2007 and later vehicles and/or engines
domiciled in the U.S. or Canada are designed to
meet Emission and Fuel Efficiency Standards of the
U.S. (Federal) Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA), the National Highway Traffic Safety Adminis-
tration (NHTSA), Emission Regulations under the
Canada Motor Vehicle Safety Act in Canada, and the
California Air Resources Board (CARB) effective as
per the applicable emission model year. To determine
an engine’s or vehicle’s emission model year, refer to
the respective EPA/CARB certification label.
EPA Regulations
Regulation Emissions Components
EPA07 (Reduction of nitrogen
oxides (NOx) emissions to 1.1
g/bhp-hr, and particulate matter
emissions to 0.01 g/bhp-hr)
Aftertreatment device (ATD) containing a diesel particulate filter that traps soot and
ash.
*
EPA10 (Reduction of NOx
emissions to 0.2 g/bhp-hr)
EPA07-type ATD, with additional selective catalyst reduction (SCR) technology that
utilizes diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) to convert NOx to nitrogen and water vapor.
GHG14 (Reduction of greenhouse
gas emissions)
Fuel efficiency components including, but not limited to, engines, tires, aerodynamic
components, vehicle speed limiters, and idle reduction timers specifically designed to
meet regulatory fuel efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions standards.
GHG17
Fuel efficiency components including, but not limited to, engines, tires, aerodynamic
components, vehicle speed limiters, and idle reduction timers specifically designed to
meet regulatory fuel efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions standards.
GHG21
GHG14/17 components plus additional components including, but not limited to,
transmissions, axles, predictive technologies, idle reduction technologies for
vocational vehicles, tire pressure monitoring systems.
*
Cummins and Detroit ATD’s are also equipped with a diesel oxidation catalyst to break down pollutants.
Table 14.1, EPA Regulations
Emission Regulations by Model Year
Model Year Engine Regulation GHG Regulation
2007–2009 EPA07 N/A
2010–2012 EPA10 N/A
2013–2015 EPA10, GHG14 GHG14
2016 EPA10, GHG17 GHG14
2017–2020 EPA10, GHG17 GHG17
2021–and later EPA10, GHG21 GHG21
Table 14.2, Emission Regulations by Model Year
EPA-Regulated Emissions
Aftertreatment Systems
NOTICE
Follow these guidelines for engines that comply
with EPA07 or newer regulations, or damage may
occur to the aftertreatment device (ATD) and the
warranty may be compromised.
•
Use ultralow-sulfur diesel with 15 ppm sul-
fur content or less.
•
Do not use fuel blended with used engine
lube oil or kerosene.
•
Engine lube oil must have a sulfated ash
level less than 1.0 wt %; API CJ-4, CK-4,
and FA-4 oils meet this requirement.
IMPORTANT: Using non-specification fuels or
oils can lead to shortened diesel particulate filter
(DPF) cleaning or replacement intervals. For
example, using CI-4 Plus oil with 1.3% sulfated
ash (30% more ash content) may result in the
Emissions and Fuel Efficiency
14.1
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