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Keithley
Multimeter
2010
Keithley 2010 User Manual
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One measurement cycle
Source
Current
Thermal offset
measurement
V
oltage measurement with
source current on
V
oltage measurement with
source current off
I
SR
I
SFS
R
S
R
S
V
FMF
V
EMF
V
M1
V
M1
Fi
gure
2
-
7
Offset-compensated
ohms measurement
Basic Measurements
2-27
50
52
Table of Contents
Default Chapter
7
Table of Contents
7
1 General Information
19
Introduction
20
Feature Overview
20
Warranty Information
21
Manual Addenda
21
Safety Symbols and Terms
21
Specifications
21
Inspection
22
Options and Accessories
22
Scanner Cards
22
General Purpose Probes
22
Low Thermal Probes
23
Cables and Adapters
23
Rack Mount Kits
24
Carrying Case
24
2 Basic Measurements
25
Introduction
26
Front Panel Summary
27
Figure 2-1 Model 2010 Front Panel
27
Basic Measurements
28
Basic Measurements
29
Rear Panel Summary
30
Figure 2-2 Model 2010 Rear Panel
30
Power-Up
32
Line Power Connection
32
Figure 2-3 Power Module
32
Setting Line Voltage and Replacing Fuse
33
Table 2-1 Fuse Ratings
33
Power-Up Sequence
34
High Energy Circuit Safety Precautions
35
Power-On Defaults
36
Table 2-2 Factory Defaults
37
GPIB Primary Address
39
Warm-Up Time
39
Display
40
Status and Error Messages
40
Measuring Voltage
40
Connections
40
Crest Factor
41
Low Level Considerations
41
Figure 2-4 DC and AC Voltage Measurements
41
Thermal Emfs
42
Ac Voltage Offset
43
Ratio
44
Connections
44
Measuring Voltage with the SENSE Terminals
45
Using Ratio with the Relative Function
45
Measuring Current
46
Connections
46
Figure 2-5 DC and AC Current Measurements
46
AMPS Fuse Replacement
47
Measuring Resistance
48
Connections
48
Shielding
49
Low Resistance Measurements
49
Figure 2-6 Two- and Four-Wire Resistance Measurements
49
Dry Circuit Testing
50
Offset Compensation
50
Figure 2-7 Offset-Compensated Ohms Measurement
51
Measuring Frequency and Period
52
Trigger Level
52
Gate Time
52
Connections
53
Figure 2-8 Frequency and Period Measurements
53
Measuring Temperature
54
Connections
55
Figure 2-9 Thermocouple and RTD Temperature Measurements
55
Configuration
56
Math
56
User Rtd Type
56
MX + B
57
Dbm Calculation
58
Percent
58
Db Calculation
59
Measuring Continuity
60
Connections
60
Threshold Resistance Level
60
Figure 2-10 Continuity Measurements
60
Testing Diodes
61
Connections
61
Range
61
Figure 2-11 Diode Testing
61
3 Measurement Options
63
Introduction
64
Measurement Configuration
64
Range
64
Maximum Readings
64
Manual Ranging
64
Filter
65
Figure 3-1 Moving Average and Repeating Filters
66
Filter Types
66
Response Time
66
Relative
67
Digits
67
Rate
68
Table 3-1 Rate Settings for the Measurement Functions
69
Trigger Operations
70
Trigger Model
70
Control Source and Event Detection
70
Table 3-2 Auto Delay Settings
71
Device Actions
72
Reading Hold (Autosettle)
72
External Triggering
73
Figure 3-3 Rear Panel Pinout
73
Hold Example
73
Figure 3-4 Trigger Link Input Pulse Specifications (EXT TRIG)
74
Figure 3-5 Trigger Link Output Pulse Specifications (VMC)
74
Specifications
74
External Trigger
74
Voltmeter Complete
74
External Triggering Example
74
Figure 3-6 DUT Test System
75
Figure 3-7 Trigger Link Connections
75
Figure 3-8 Operation Model for Triggering Example
76
Figure 3-9 DIN to BNC Trigger Cable
77
External Triggering with Bnc Connections
77
Buffer Operations
78
Storing Readings
78
Recalling Readings
78
Figure 3-10 Buffer Locations
79
Buffer Statistics
79
Limit Operations
80
Setting Limit Values
80
Enabling Limits
81
Figure 3-11 Using Limits Test to Sort 100Ω, 10% Resistors
81
Scan Operations
82
Scanning Overview
82
Front Panel Scanner Controls
82
Using an Internal Scanner Card
82
Using External Scanner Cards
82
Using the and Keys
83
Using OPEN and CLOSE Keys
83
Stepping and Scanning Trigger Model Additions
84
Figure 3-12 Front Panel Triggering with Stepping
84
Using SHIFT-CONFIG to Configure Stepping and Scanning
85
Figure 3-13 Front Panel Triggering with Scanning
85
Scanning Examples
86
Figure 3-14 Internal Scanning Example with Reading Count Option
86
Figure 3-15 Internal Scanning Example with Timer and Delay Options
89
External Scanning
90
System Operations
92
Self-Test
92
Calibration
92
4 Remote Operation
93
Introduction
94
Selecting an Interface
94
Rs-232
94
GPIB Bus
95
Selecting a Language
95
Table 4-1 Language Support
95
Keithley Models 196/199 Digital Multimeter
96
Scpi
96
Operation
97
Sending and Receiving Data
97
Selecting Baud Rate
97
Selecting Signal Handshaking (Flow Control)
98
Setting Terminator
98
Connections
99
Error Messages
99
Figure 4-1 RS-232 Interface Connector
99
GPIB Bus Operation and Reference
100
Introduction
100
GPIB Bus Standards
100
GPIB Bus Connections
100
Figure 4-2 IEEE-488 Connector
100
Figure 4-3 IEEE-488 Connections
101
Figure 4-4 IEEE-488 Connector Location
101
Selecting the Primary Address
102
Quickbasic 4.5 Programming
102
Install the Universal Language Driver
102
About Program Fragments
103
General Bus Commands
104
Llo (Local Lockout)
105
Gtl (Go to Local)
105
Dcl (Device Clear)
105
Sdc (Selective Device Clear)
106
Get (Group Execute Trigger)
106
Spe, Spd (Serial Polling)
106
Front Panel GPIB Operation
107
Error and Status Messages
107
Gpib Status Indicators
107
Local Key
107
Status Structure
108
Figure 4-5 Model 2010 Status Register Structure
108
Condition Registers
109
Enable Registers
109
Event Registers
109
Figure 4-6 Standard Event Status
110
Figure 4-7 Operation Event Status
110
Figure 4-8 Measurement Event Status
111
Figure 4-9 Questionable Event Status
111
Error Queue
112
Output Queue
112
Queues
112
Figure 4-10 Status Byte and Service Request (SRQ)
113
Status Byte and Service Request (SRQ)
113
Serial Poll and Srq
115
Trigger Model (GPIB Operation)
116
Idle and Initiate
117
Trigger Model Operation
117
Figure 4-12 Device Action (Trigger Model)
118
Programming Syntax
119
Command Words
119
Commands and Command Parameters
119
Query Commands
121
Case Sensitivity
121
Long-Form and Short-Form Versions
121
Short-Form Rules
122
Program Messages
122
Single Command Messages
123
Multiple Command Messages
123
Command Path Rules
124
Program Message Terminator (Pmt)
124
Command Execution Rules
124
Response Messages
125
Message Exchange Protocol
125
Sending a Response Message
125
Response Message Terminator (Rmt)
125
Common Commands
126
CLS - Clear Status
126
ESE <Nrf> - Event Enable
127
ESE? - Event Enable Query
127
ESR? - Event Status Register Query
128
Figure 4-13 Standard Event Enable Register
128
Figure 4-14 Standard Event Status Register
129
IDN? - Identification Query
130
OPC - Operation Complete
130
OPC? - Operation Complete Query
132
OPT? - Option Identification Query
133
RCL - Recall
133
Rst - Reset
134
SAV - Save
134
SRE <Nrf> - Service Request Enable
134
SRE? - Service Request Enable Query
134
Figure 4-15 Service Request Enable Register
135
STB? - Status Byte Query
136
TRG - Trigger
137
TST?-Self-Test Query
137
Figure 4-16 Status Byte Register
137
WAI - Wait-To-Continue
138
5 SCPI Command Reference
139
SCPI Signal Oriented Measurement Commands
140
Configure Command
140
Fetch? Command
141
READ? Command
142
Measure Command
143
SCPI Command Subsystems Reference Tables
144
Calculate Subsystem
158
Calculate[1]
158
Table 5-11 UNIT Command Summary
158
Calculate2
160
Calculate3
162
Display Subsystem
164
Format Subsystem
166
DATA Command
166
Figure 5-1 ASCII Data Format
166
Figure 5-2 IEEE754 Single Precision Data Format (32 Data Bits)
167
Figure 5-3 IEEE754 Double Precision Data Format (64 Data Bits)
167
Border Command
168
Elements Command
169
Route Subsystem
170
Single Channel (or Channel Pair) Control
170
Multiple Channel Control
172
SCAN Commands
173
[Sense[1]] Subsystem
175
Function Command
175
DATA Command
176
HOLD Command
177
Speed Commands
178
Range Commands
179
Reference <N> Commands
181
Dcircuit Command
183
Ocompensated Command
183
Digits Command
184
Average Commands
185
Bandwidth Command
186
Threshold Commands
187
Transducer Commands
187
Thermocouple Commands
188
FRTD Commands
190
Diode Command
191
Continuity Command
192
Status Subsystem
192
[:Event]? Command
192
Figure 5-4 Measurement Event Register
193
Figure 5-5 Questionable Event Register
194
Figure 5-6 Operation Event Register
195
Enable Command
196
Figure 5-7 Measurement Event Enable Register
197
Figure 5-8 Questionable Event Enable Register
197
Figure 5-9 Operation Event Enable Register
197
Condition? Command
198
Preset Command
198
Queue Commands
199
System Subsystem
202
Beeper Command
202
Preset Command
202
Kclick Command
202
Posetup <Name> Command
203
Version? Command
203
Error? Command
204
Azero Commands
205
Clear Command
205
KEY <Nrf> Command
206
Figure 5-10 Key-Press Codes
207
Interface Commands
208
Line Frequency Query
208
Trace Subsystem
209
Clear Command
209
FREE? Command
209
Points Command
209
FEED Command
210
DATA? Command
210
Trigger Subsystem
211
Initiate Commands
211
Abort Command
211
Trigger Commands
212
UNIT Subsystem
214
Temperature Command
214
Voltage Commands
215
Specifications
217
Specifications
218
Configuration
221
Accuracy Calculations
222
Calculating DC Characteristics Accuracy
222
Calculating AC Characteristics Accuracy
222
Calculating Dbm Characteristics Accuracy
223
Calculating Db Characteristics Accuracy
224
Additional Derating Factors
224
Optimizing Measurement Accuracy
225
Optimizing Measurement Speed
225
DC Voltage, DC Current, and Resistance
225
Status and Error Messages
227
Table B-1 Status and Error Messages
228
Example Programs
233
Program Examples
234
Changing Function and Range
234
One-Shot Triggering
236
Generating SRQ on Buffer Full
237
Storing Readings in Buffer
238
Taking Readings with the Scanner Card
240
Taking Readings Using the :READ? Command
244
Controlling the Model 2010 Via the RS-232 COM2 Port
244
Models 196/199 Commands
248
500 D Models 196/199 Commands
250
Table D-1 Models 196/199 Device-Dependent Command Summary
250
IEEE-488 Bus Overview
253
Introduction
254
Bus Description
254
Bus Lines
256
Data Lines
256
Bus Management Lines
256
Handshake Lines
257
Figure E-2 IEEE-488 Handshake Sequence
257
Bus Commands
258
Uniline Commands
259
Universal Multiline Commands
259
Addressed Multiline Commands
260
Address Commands
260
Unaddress Commands
260
Common Commands
261
SCPI Commands
261
Table E-2 Hexadecimal and Decimal Command Codes
261
Figure E-3 Command Codes
262
Typical Command Sequences
263
Table E-3 Typical Addressed Command Sequence
263
Table E-4 Typical Addressed Command Sequence
263
IEEE Command Groups
264
Table E-5 IEEE Command Groups
264
Interface Function Codes
265
IEEE-488 and SCPI Conformance Information
267
Introduction
268
Table F-2 Coupled Commands
269
Other manuals for Keithley 2010
Service Manual
134 pages
Quick Reference Guide
60 pages
5
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Keithley 2010 Specifications
General
Brand
Keithley
Model
2010
Category
Multimeter
Language
English
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