Part III: Background and Concepts
Unit Conversion Chart
Chapter 25: Analog TV Standards & Color Systems
There are many different TV standards in use around the world, defining in detail the acceptable baseband
and RF structure of a signal. But for broadband engineers and technicians, the key points are bandwidth;
the dimensions of the lower (vestigial) and upper sidebands; and the frequency & amplitude relationships
of the video (luminance), color (chrominance) and audio subcarriers.
In terms of these parameters, the vast majority of TV transmissions fall into just six categories, which are
illustrated in the following diagrams.
(
Note
: These diagrams do not define parameters such as field frequency, line frequency, or color encoding
technique, points which distinguish the NTSC, PAL and SECAM systems.)
Today, there are 10 primary TV standards in use around the world. These standards are: B, D, G, H, I, K, K1, L,
M, and N. There are three types of color transmission system: PAL, NTSC, and SECAM.
Different standards and systems have different field frequencies, line frequencies, and color encoding
techniques. For example, Europe and China use the PAL-D color transmission system and TV standard, while
North America (USA, Canada & Mexico) use NTSC-M color transmission system and TV standard.
Refer to the table below for information on TV-standard/color system compatibility. Letters (e.g. B, G, M)
refer to TV standards. Encoding techniques (e.g. NTSC, PAL) refer to systems.
TV Standard and Color Transmission System Relationships:
,
,
,
,
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