Programming manual.
CNC 8070
7.
THE SPINDLE. BASIC CONTROL.
Gear change.
·128·
(REF: 1709)
7.4 Gear change.
Each spindle may have up to 4 different ranges (gears). Each gear means a speed range
for the CNC work in. The programmed speed must be within the active gear; otherwise, a
gear change will be required.
The gear change may be automatic or manual. When the change is manual, the gear is
selected with auxiliary functions M41 (gear 1) through M44 (gear 4). When the change is
automatic, the CNC itself generates these functions according to the programmed speed.
The configuration of the speed ranges or gears (automatic or manual change, maximum
speed for each gear, etc.) is defined by the machine manufacturer. See "How to know the
gear configuration of a spindle." on page 129.
Manual gear change
When the change is manual, the gear is selected with auxiliary functions M41 through M44.
M41 - Selects gear ·1·.
M42 - Selects gear ·2·.
M43 - Selects gear ·3·.
M44 - Selects gear ·4·.
These functions may be defined together with the programmed spindles or in a separate
block. If the block where they are programmed does not mention any spindle, they will be
applied to the master spindle of the channel.
If several spindles are programmed in a single block, the functions apply to all of them. To
apply different gears to the spindles, define next to each M function the spindle it is associated
with, as follows.
M41.S Function M41 associated with the spindle S.
Influence of the reset, turning the CNC off and of the M30.
Gears (speed ranges) are modal. On power-up, the CNC assumes the gear defined by the
machine manufacturer. After executing an M02 or M30 and after an emergency or a reset,
the CNC maintains the active gear.
Knowing which is the active gear.
The window for the M functions in the jog and automatic modes shows which is the active
gear; if none is shown, it means that gear ·1· is the active one.
The active gear may be consulted using the following variable.
The graphic shows a spindle with three speed ranges (gears). The first gear goes from 0 to S1 rpm;
the second one from S1 to S2; the third one from S2 to S3.
S1000 M41
S1=500 M42
M44
S1000 S2=456 M41
(Gear 1 for spindle "S" and S2)
M41.S M42.S3
(Gear 1 for spindle "S")
(Gear 2 for spindle "S3")
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